Strauss R G, Villhauer P J, Imig K M, Eckermann I, Gupta S D, Thomson D S
Transfusion. 1987 Jul-Aug;27(4):350-2. doi: 10.1046/j.1537-2995.1987.27487264746.x.
A new, rapidly excreted, low-molecular-weight form of hydroxyethyl starch (Pentastarch), is effective and safe in centrifugation leukapheresis. To define the optimal dose of Pentastarch, 12 subjects donated granulocytes by continuous-flow, centrifugation leukapheresis on three occasions at 3-week intervals. Each subject received approximately 250,500, or 1000 ml of Pentastarch according to a random sequence during procedures in which 81 of donor blood was consistently processed. Plasma Pentastarch concentrations (mean mg/ml) measured immediately after leukapheresis were 3.1, 6.7, and 12.7 for the 250, 500-, and 1000-ml doses, respectively. Total leukocyte and neutrophil yields with the 500- or the 1000-ml doses of Pentastarch were similar, and both were significantly greater (p less than 0.05) than those with the 250-ml dose. Neutrophil yields per concentrate (mean X 10(-10) were 0.74, 1.72, and 1.73 for the 250-, 500-, and 1000-ml doses, respectively. Pentastarch dose had little effect on lymphocyte and platelet yields. No serious adverse effects were evident for any dose of Pentastarch during 12 weeks of observation. In particular, the 1000-ml dose did not produce increased toxicity. Thus, a single 500-ml bottle of 10 percent Pentastarch produced maximal yields; efficacy was not improved by doubling the dose.
一种新型的、排泄迅速的低分子量羟乙基淀粉（喷他淀粉）在离心白细胞单采术中有效且安全。为确定喷他淀粉的最佳剂量，12名受试者每隔3周通过连续流动离心白细胞单采术进行3次粒细胞采集。在始终处理81%供体血液的操作过程中，每位受试者按照随机顺序分别接受约250、500或1000毫升的喷他淀粉。白细胞单采术后立即测得的血浆喷他淀粉浓度（平均毫克/毫升），250毫升、500毫升和1000毫升剂量分别为3.1、6.7和12.7。500毫升或1000毫升剂量喷他淀粉的总白细胞和中性粒细胞收获量相似，且均显著高于（p<0.05）250毫升剂量。每份浓缩物的中性粒细胞收获量（平均×10⁻¹⁰），250毫升、500毫升和1000毫升剂量分别为0.74、1.72和1.73。喷他淀粉剂量对淋巴细胞和血小板收获量影响很小。在12周的观察期内，任何剂量的喷他淀粉均未出现明显严重不良反应。特别是，1000毫升剂量并未产生更高毒性。因此，单瓶500毫升10%的喷他淀粉可产生最大收获量；剂量加倍并未提高疗效。
