Chen Maggie Hong, Willan Andrew R
Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Stat Med. 2014 May 20;33(11):1801-15. doi: 10.1002/sim.6085. Epub 2014 Jan 9.
Value-of-information methods are applied to assess the evidence in support of a new diagnostic test and, where the evidence is insufficient for decision making, to determine the optimal sample size for future studies. Net benefit formulations are derived under various diagnostic and treatment scenarios. The expressions for the expected opportunity loss of adopting strategies that include the new test are given. Expressions for the expected value of information from future studies are derived. One-sample and two-sample designs, with or without known prevalence, are considered. An example is given.
信息价值方法被用于评估支持新诊断测试的证据，并且在证据不足以进行决策时，确定未来研究的最佳样本量。在各种诊断和治疗场景下推导净效益公式。给出了采用包含新测试的策略时预期机会损失的表达式。推导了未来研究信息期望值的表达式。考虑了有或无已知患病率的单样本和两样本设计。给出了一个示例。
