Wada Yasuaki, Lönnerdal Bo
Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; Nutritional Science Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd., Higashihara, Zama 252-8583, Japan.
Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
J Nutr Biochem. 2014 May;25(5):503-14. doi: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2013.10.012. Epub 2013 Nov 19.
Human milk contains a multitude of bioactive proteins with very diverse functions, which are beneficial for the rapidly growing neonate. The large variety of bioactivities is accomplished by the combination of bioactive proteins per se and gastrointestinal release of bioactive peptides derived from them. The bioactivities exerted by these peptides include enhancement of mineral absorption, immunomodulation, opioid, antihypertensive and antimicrobial activities. Notably, several of the activities are not attributed to the parental proteins, but exclusively to released bioactive peptides. This article reviews studies on bioactive peptides derived from major human milk proteins, such as caseins, α-lactalbumin and lactoferrin, during gastrointestinal digestion. Studies of bovine milk counterparts are also cited as a comparison.
母乳含有多种具有非常多样功能的生物活性蛋白质，这些蛋白质对快速生长的新生儿有益。这些生物活性蛋白质本身及其衍生的生物活性肽在胃肠道的释放相结合，实现了多种多样的生物活性。这些肽发挥的生物活性包括增强矿物质吸收、免疫调节、类鸦片活性、抗高血压和抗菌活性。值得注意的是，其中一些活性并非归因于母体蛋白质，而是完全归因于释放的生物活性肽。本文综述了在胃肠道消化过程中，源自主要母乳蛋白质（如酪蛋白、α-乳白蛋白和乳铁蛋白）的生物活性肽的研究。作为比较，也引用了牛乳对应物的研究。
