Wada Yasuaki, Lönnerdal Bo
1] Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, California [2] Nutritional Science Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd., Zama, Japan.
Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, California.
Pediatr Res. 2015 Apr;77(4):546-53. doi: 10.1038/pr.2015.10. Epub 2015 Jan 12.
Pasteurized donor human milk (HM) serves as the best alternative for breast-feeding when availability of mother's milk is limited. Pasteurization is also applied to mother's own milk for very low birth weight infants, who are vulnerable to microbial infection. Whether pasteurization affects protein digestibility and therefore modulates the profile of bioactive peptides released from HM proteins by gastrointestinal digestion, has not been examined to date.
HM with and without pasteurization (62.5 °C for 30 min) were subjected to in vitro gastrointestinal digestion, followed by peptidomic analysis to compare the formation of bioactive peptides.
Some of the bioactive peptides, such as caseinophosphopeptide homologues, a possible opioid peptide (or propeptide), and an antibacterial peptide, were present in undigested HM and showed resistance to in vitro digestion, suggesting that these peptides are likely to exert their bioactivities in the gastrointestinal lumen, or be stably transported to target organs. In vitro digestion of HM released a large variety of bioactive peptides such as angiotensin I-converting enzyme-inhibitory, antioxidative, and immunomodulatory peptides. Bioactive peptides were released largely in the same manner with and without pasteurization.
Provision of pasteurized HM may be as beneficial as breast-feeding in terms of milk protein-derived bioactive peptides.
当母乳供应有限时，巴氏杀菌的捐赠人乳是母乳喂养的最佳替代选择。巴氏杀菌也应用于极低出生体重儿的母亲自身乳汁，这些婴儿易受微生物感染。迄今为止，尚未研究巴氏杀菌是否会影响蛋白质消化率，从而调节胃肠道消化从人乳蛋白质中释放的生物活性肽的谱。
对经过和未经过巴氏杀菌（62.5℃ 30分钟）的人乳进行体外胃肠道消化，随后进行肽组学分析以比较生物活性肽的形成。
一些生物活性肽，如酪蛋白磷酸肽同系物、一种可能的阿片样肽（或前肽）和一种抗菌肽，存在于未消化的人乳中，并对体外消化具有抗性，这表明这些肽可能在胃肠道腔中发挥其生物活性，或稳定地转运到靶器官。人乳的体外消化释放出多种生物活性肽，如血管紧张素I转换酶抑制肽、抗氧化肽和免疫调节肽。无论是否经过巴氏杀菌，生物活性肽的释放方式大致相同。
就乳蛋白衍生的生物活性肽而言，提供巴氏杀菌的人乳可能与母乳喂养一样有益。
