Neurosciences (Brain Injury and Rehabilitation programs), Alberta Children's Hospital, Departments of Paediatrics and Clinical Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute for Child and Maternal Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada (Dr Brooks); Department of Educational Psychology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada (Dr Mrazik); Paediatric Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Neurosciences (Brain Injury and Rehabilitation programs), Alberta Children's Hospital, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute for Child and Maternal Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada (Dr Barlow); Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada (Dr McKay); Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada (Dr Meeuwisse); and Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute for Child and Maternal Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada (Dr Emery).
J Head Trauma Rehabil. 2014 May-Jun;29(3):257-64. doi: 10.1097/HTR.0000000000000016.
Sex differences following concussion are poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to examine whether male and female adolescent athletes with prior concussions differ regarding neurocognitive function and symptom reporting.
Community-based hockey teams.
Participants included 615 elite hockey players 13 to 17 years old (mean = 15.5, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 15.4-15.6). There were 517 males and 98 females. Players with English as a second language, attention or learning problems, a concussion within 6 months of baseline, or suspected invalid test profiles were excluded from these analyses.
Cross-sectional.
Domain scores and symptom ratings from the ImPACT computerized battery.
There were no significant neurocognitive differences between males and females with (F5,227 = 1.40, P = .227) or without (F5,376 = 1.33, P = 0.252) a prior history of concussion. Male and female athletes with a history of concussion reported higher raw symptom scores than those without a prior concussion; however, sex differences disappear when symptom scores are adjusted for known sex differences in controls (total score, F2,230 = 0.77, P = .46; Cohen d = 0.01 or domain scores (F4,227 = 1.52, P = .197; Cohen d = 0.07-0.18).
Although those with prior concussions report more symptoms (but do not differ on neurocognition), this study does not support sex differences with cognition or symptoms in adolescent athletes with prior concussions.
脑震荡后存在性别差异，但目前对此了解甚少。本研究旨在探讨既往脑震荡的男性和女性青少年运动员在神经认知功能和症状报告方面是否存在差异。
基于社区的曲棍球队。
参与者包括 615 名 13 至 17 岁的精英曲棍球运动员（平均年龄为 15.5，95%置信区间[CI]为 15.4-15.6）。其中有 517 名男性和 98 名女性。排除了英语为第二语言、注意力或学习问题、基线 6 个月内脑震荡或疑似无效测试的运动员。
横断面研究。
ImPACT 电脑化测试中的各域评分和症状评分。
有或无既往脑震荡史的男性和女性之间的神经认知结果没有显著差异（F5,227 = 1.40，P =.227）。有既往脑震荡史的男性和女性运动员的原始症状评分高于无既往脑震荡史的运动员；然而，当根据对照组已知的性别差异调整症状评分时，性别差异就消失了（总分，F2,230 = 0.77，P =.46；Cohen d = 0.01；各域评分，F4,227 = 1.52，P =.197；Cohen d = 0.07-0.18）。
尽管既往脑震荡者报告的症状更多（但认知或症状方面在性别上无差异），但本研究并不支持既往脑震荡的青少年运动员在认知或症状方面存在性别差异。
