Toto Maria, D'Angelo Giulia, Corona Davide F V
Dulbecco Telethon Institute, c/o Dipartimento STEBICEF, Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Edificio 16, 90128, Palermo, Italy.
Chromosoma. 2014 Mar;123(1-2):91-102. doi: 10.1007/s00412-013-0447-4. Epub 2014 Jan 12.
The packaging of the eukaryotic genome into chromatin facilitates the storage of the genetic information within the nucleus, but prevents the access to the underlying DNA sequences. Structural changes in chromatin are mediated by several mechanisms. Among them, ATP-dependent remodelling complexes belonging to ISWI family provides one of the best examples that eukaryotic cells evolved to finely regulate these changes. ISWI-containing complexes use the energy derived from ATP hydrolysis to rearrange nucleosomes on chromatin in order to favour specific nuclear reactions. The combination of regulatory nuclear factors associated with the ATPase subunit as well as its modulation by specific histone modifications, specializes the nuclear function of each ISWI-containing complex. Here we review the different ways by which ISWI enzymatic activity can be modulated and regulated in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells.
真核生物基因组包装成染色质有助于遗传信息在细胞核内的储存，但会阻止对潜在DNA序列的访问。染色质的结构变化由多种机制介导。其中，属于ISWI家族的ATP依赖重塑复合物就是真核细胞进化出精细调节这些变化的最佳例子之一。含ISWI的复合物利用ATP水解产生的能量来重新排列染色质上的核小体，以促进特定的核反应。与ATP酶亚基相关的调节性核因子的组合以及其通过特定组蛋白修饰的调节，使每个含ISWI的复合物具有特定的核功能。在这里，我们综述了在真核细胞细胞核中调节和调控ISWI酶活性的不同方式。
