Department of the Environment, Canadian Forestry Service Great Lakes Forest Research Centre, P.O. Box 490, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario.
J Chem Ecol. 1982 Feb;8(2):493-506. doi: 10.1007/BF00987797.
Male spruce budworm [Chorisloneura fumiferana (Clem.)] moths were held for 3 hr in a wind tunnel and subjected to various concentrations of background synthetic pheromone. They were then exposed to calling females and their response was recorded. The background pheromone was presented either as discrete turbulent plumes or as a uniform permeation throughout the tunnel. The numbers of males wing-fanning and flying in response to the calling females decreased as the concentration of background pheromone increased. Of the males which flew, a higher proportion progressed upwind in the discrete plumes than in the uniform permeation, an indication that structure in the pheromone cloud is necessary for upwind progression. In both discrete plumes and uniform permeation fewer males were able to locate the females (i.e., disruption was greater) as the concentration of synthetic pheromone increased, but for the same total release rates, disruption was greater when the synthetic pheromone was released in discrete plumes rather than in a uniform permeation. This implies that disruption which involves luring males to sources of synthetic pheromone is more effective than masking female plumes by uniform permeation and suggests that it is more efficient to release pheromone from a few potent sources than from numerous low-potency sources.
雄云杉卷叶蛾 [Chorisloneura fumiferana (Clem.)] 雄蛾在风洞中被固定 3 小时，并暴露于不同浓度的背景合成信息素下。然后，它们被暴露于鸣叫的雌蛾下，记录它们的反应。背景信息素要么以离散的紊流羽流呈现，要么在整个风洞中均匀渗透。随着背景信息素浓度的增加，雄性对鸣叫雌性的翅膀扇动和飞行的数量减少。在飞行的雄性中，在离散羽流中顺风前进的比例高于均匀渗透，这表明信息素云中有结构对于顺风前进是必要的。在离散羽流和均匀渗透中，随着合成信息素浓度的增加，能够定位雌性的雄性数量减少（即干扰更大），但对于相同的总释放率，当合成信息素以离散羽流释放而不是均匀渗透时，干扰更大。这意味着涉及引诱雄性到合成信息素源的干扰比通过均匀渗透掩盖雌蛾羽流更有效，并且表明从少数强效源释放信息素比从众多低效能源释放信息素更有效。
