Field R B, Hand A R
Am J Physiol. 1987 Aug;253(2 Pt 1):G217-25. doi: 10.1152/ajpgi.1987.253.2.G217.
The effects of various secretagogues on the release of lingual lipase and amylase from rat lingual serous glands was examined in vitro and in vivo. After incubation, the media and tissues were assayed for lingual lipase and amylase activity to determine percent of secretion. In vitro secretion of lingual lipase and amylase stimulated by the cholinergic agonist, carbamylcholine chloride (carbachol), was 28.3 +/- 1.7, 48.0 +/- 3.2, and 55.9 +/- 2.4% and 18.1 +/- 1.7, 26.4 +/- 3.0, and 28.0 +/- 2.5%, respectively, for 30-, 60-, and 90-min incubations. The beta-adrenergic agonist, isoproterenol, and the adenylate cyclase activator, forskolin, elicited very little secretion in vitro; the 90-min values with isoproterenol were 16.8 +/- 7.1% lingual lipase and 6.0 +/- 2.6% amylase. The alpha-adrenergic agonist, phenylephrine, did not stimulate enzyme secretion. Morphological assessment of incubated tissues revealed that carbachol induced a rapid and extensive degranulation of the acinar cells, while isoproterenol caused only minimal exocytosis. In vivo stimulation by the cholinergic agonist, pilocarpine, caused rapid secretion, with maximal secretion occurring by 1 h. In vivo secretion stimulated by isoproterenol was slow, but by 4 h secretion was comparable to that induced by pilocarpine. In vitro, there was a significant difference between the percentages of lingual lipase and amylase secreted, which could not be accounted for by the presence of proteases or microbial products or the lack of stability of the enzymes during the incubation period. Neurotransmitter regulation of protein secretion by the lingual serous (minor salivary) glands appears to be principally cholinergic in contrast to the beta-adrenergic stimulation of protein secretion by the parotid (major salivary) gland.
在体外和体内研究了各种促分泌素对大鼠舌浆液性腺释放舌脂肪酶和淀粉酶的影响。孵育后，检测培养基和组织中的舌脂肪酶和淀粉酶活性，以确定分泌百分比。胆碱能激动剂氯化氨甲酰胆碱（卡巴胆碱）刺激的舌脂肪酶和淀粉酶的体外分泌，在孵育30分钟、60分钟和90分钟时，分别为28.3±1.7%、48.0±3.2%、55.9±2.4%和18.1±1.7%、26.4±3.0%、28.0±2.5%。β-肾上腺素能激动剂异丙肾上腺素和腺苷酸环化酶激活剂福斯高林在体外引起的分泌很少；异丙肾上腺素90分钟时的值为舌脂肪酶16.8±7.1%，淀粉酶6.0±2.6%。α-肾上腺素能激动剂去氧肾上腺素不刺激酶分泌。对孵育组织的形态学评估显示，卡巴胆碱诱导腺泡细胞迅速且广泛地脱颗粒，而异丙肾上腺素仅引起极少的胞吐作用。胆碱能激动剂毛果芸香碱在体内刺激可导致快速分泌，1小时时出现最大分泌。异丙肾上腺素在体内刺激的分泌较慢，但到4小时时分泌与毛果芸香碱诱导的相当。在体外，分泌的舌脂肪酶和淀粉酶的百分比之间存在显著差异，这不能用蛋白酶或微生物产物的存在或孵育期间酶的不稳定性来解释。与腮腺（大唾液腺）蛋白质分泌的β-肾上腺素能刺激相反，舌浆液性（小唾液腺）腺蛋白质分泌的神经递质调节似乎主要是胆碱能的。
