Perry David C, Kramer Joel H
a Department of Neurology , University of California , San Francisco , CA , USA.
Neurocase. 2015 Feb;21(1):120-33. doi: 10.1080/13554794.2013.873063. Epub 2014 Jan 13.
Representation of reward value involves a distributed network including cortical and subcortical structures. Because neurodegenerative illnesses target specific anatomic networks that partially overlap with the reward circuit, they would be predicted to have distinct impairments in reward processing. This review presents the existing evidence of reward processing changes in neurodegenerative diseases including mild cognitive impairment (MCI), Alzheimer's disease, frontotemporal dementia, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Parkinson's disease, and Huntington's disease, as well as in healthy aging. Carefully distinguishing the different aspects of reward processing (primary rewards, secondary rewards, reward-based learning, and reward-based decision-making) and using tasks that differentiate the stages of processing reward will lead to improved understanding of this fundamental process and clarify a contributing cause of behavioral change in these illnesses.
奖励价值的表征涉及一个包括皮质和皮质下结构的分布式网络。由于神经退行性疾病靶向与奖励回路部分重叠的特定解剖网络，预计它们在奖励处理方面会有明显的损伤。本综述介绍了神经退行性疾病（包括轻度认知障碍（MCI）、阿尔茨海默病、额颞叶痴呆、肌萎缩侧索硬化症（ALS）、帕金森病和亨廷顿病）以及健康衰老过程中奖励处理变化的现有证据。仔细区分奖励处理的不同方面（初级奖励、次级奖励、基于奖励的学习和基于奖励的决策）并使用区分奖励处理阶段的任务，将有助于更好地理解这一基本过程，并阐明这些疾病行为改变的一个促成原因。
