Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada.
Nutr Rev. 2014 Feb;72(2):99-112. doi: 10.1111/nure.12088. Epub 2014 Jan 13.
Chronic stress causes the release of glucocorticoids, which greatly influence cerebral function, especially glutamatergic transmission. These stress-induced changes in neurotransmission could be counteracted by increasing the dietary intake of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs). Numerous studies have described the capacity of n-3 PUFAs to help protect glutamatergic neurotransmission from damage induced by stress and glucocorticoids, possibly preventing the development of stress-related disorders such as depression or anxiety. The hippocampus contains glucocorticoid receptors and is involved in learning and memory. This makes it particularly sensitive to stress, which alters certain aspects of hippocampal function. In this review, the various ways in which n-3 PUFAs may prevent the harmful effects of chronic stress, particularly the alteration of glutamatergic synapses in the hippocampus, are summarized.
慢性应激会导致糖皮质激素的释放，这会极大地影响大脑功能，尤其是谷氨酸能传递。这些应激引起的神经递质传递的变化可以通过增加ω-3 多不饱和脂肪酸（n-3 PUFAs）的饮食摄入来对抗。许多研究描述了 n-3 PUFAs 有助于保护谷氨酸能神经传递免受应激和糖皮质激素引起的损伤的能力，可能预防应激相关障碍的发展，如抑郁或焦虑。海马体含有糖皮质激素受体，参与学习和记忆。这使得它对压力特别敏感，压力会改变海马体功能的某些方面。在这篇综述中，总结了 n-3 PUFAs 可能预防慢性应激的有害影响的各种方式，特别是预防海马体中谷氨酸能突触的改变。
