Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska, Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Science, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Am J Gastroenterol. 2014 Mar;109(3):375-85. doi: 10.1038/ajg.2013.453. Epub 2014 Jan 14.
Gastroparesis is a well-known complication to diabetes mellitus (DM). Dietary advice is considered to be of importance to reduce gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms in patients with diabetic gastroparesis, but no randomized controlled trials exist. Our aim was to compare GI symptoms in insulin treated DM subjects with gastroparesis eating a diet with small particle size ("intervention diet") with the recommended diet for DM ("control diet").
56 subjects with insulin treated DM and gastroparesis were randomized to the intervention diet or the control diet. The patients received dietary advice by a dietitian at 7 occasions during 20 weeks. GI symptom severity, nutrient intake and glycemic control were measured before and after the intervention.
A significantly greater reduction of the severity of the key gastroparetic symptoms-nausea/vomiting (P=0.01), postprandial fullness (P=0.02) and bloating (P=0.006)-were seen in patients who received the intervention diet compared with the control diet, and this was also true for regurgitation/heartburn (P=0.02), but not for abdominal pain. Anxiety was reduced after the intervention diet, but not after the control diet, whereas no effect on depression or quality of life was noted in any of the groups. A higher fat intake in the intervention group was noted, but otherwise no differences in body weight, HbA1c or nutrient intake were seen.
A small particle diet improves the key symptoms of gastroparesis in patients with diabetes mellitus. (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01557296).
胃轻瘫是糖尿病（DM）的一种常见并发症。饮食建议被认为对减少糖尿病性胃轻瘫患者的胃肠道（GI）症状很重要，但目前尚无随机对照试验。我们的目的是比较接受胰岛素治疗的 DM 伴胃轻瘫患者食用小颗粒饮食（“干预饮食”）与推荐的 DM 饮食（“对照饮食”）的 GI 症状。
56 例接受胰岛素治疗的 DM 伴胃轻瘫患者被随机分为干预饮食组或对照饮食组。患者在 20 周内接受营养师的 7 次饮食建议。干预前后测量 GI 症状严重程度、营养素摄入和血糖控制情况。
与对照饮食组相比，接受干预饮食组的患者恶心/呕吐（P=0.01）、餐后饱胀（P=0.02）和腹胀（P=0.006）等关键胃轻瘫症状的严重程度显著降低，且反流/烧心（P=0.02）也如此，但腹痛则不然。干预饮食后焦虑减轻，但对照饮食后则不然，而两组的抑郁或生活质量均无影响。干预组的脂肪摄入量较高，但体重、HbA1c 或营养素摄入量无差异。
小颗粒饮食可改善糖尿病患者胃轻瘫的主要症状。（ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01557296）。
