Fraser T W K, Mayer I, Hansen T, Poppe T T, Skjaeraasen J E, Koppang E O, Fjelldal P G
Department of Production Animal Clinical Sciences, Norwegian School of Veterinary Science, Oslo, Norway.
J Fish Dis. 2015 Feb;38(2):151-60. doi: 10.1111/jfd.12216. Epub 2014 Jan 15.
Heart morphology is particularly plastic in teleosts and differs between farmed and wild Atlantic salmon. However, little is known about how different culture practices and sex affect heart morphology. This study investigated how vaccination, triploidy and sex affected heart size and heart morphology (ventricle shape, angle of the bulbus arteriosus) in farmed Atlantic salmon for 18 months following vaccination (from c. 50-3000 g body weight). In addition, hearts were examined histologically after 7 months in sea water. All fish sampled were sexually immature. Vaccinated fish had significantly heavier hearts relative to body weight and a more triangular ventricle than unvaccinated fish, suggesting a greater cardiac workload. Irrespective of time, triploids had significantly heavier hearts relative to body weight, a more acute angle of the bulbus arteriosus and less fat deposition in the epicardium than diploids. The ventricle was also more triangular in triploids than diploids at seawater transfer. Sex had transient effects on the angle of the bulbus arteriosus, but no effect on relative heart weight or ventricle shape. From a morphological perspective, the results indicate that vaccination and triploidy increase cardiac workload in farmed Atlantic salmon.
硬骨鱼的心脏形态具有很强的可塑性，养殖的和野生的大西洋鲑的心脏形态有所不同。然而，对于不同的养殖方式和性别如何影响心脏形态，我们知之甚少。本研究调查了疫苗接种、三倍体化和性别对养殖的大西洋鲑接种疫苗后18个月（体重约50 - 3000克）的心脏大小和心脏形态（心室形状、动脉球角度）的影响。此外，在海水养殖7个月后对心脏进行了组织学检查。所有采样的鱼均未性成熟。与未接种疫苗的鱼相比，接种疫苗的鱼相对于体重而言心脏明显更重，心室更呈三角形，这表明心脏工作量更大。无论时间如何，三倍体相对于体重而言心脏明显更重，动脉球角度更尖锐，心外膜脂肪沉积比二倍体少。在转入海水养殖时，三倍体的心室也比二倍体更呈三角形。性别对动脉球角度有短暂影响，但对相对心脏重量或心室形状没有影响。从形态学角度来看，结果表明疫苗接种和三倍体化增加了养殖大西洋鲑的心脏工作量。
