Department of Neurosciences, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
Department of Neurosciences, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
Exp Neurol. 2014 Mar;253:197-207. doi: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2013.12.024. Epub 2014 Jan 11.
Astrocytes react to CNS injury by building a dense wall of filamentous processes around the lesion. Stromal cells quickly take up residence in the lesion core and synthesize connective tissue elements that contribute to fibrosis. Oligodendrocyte precursor cells proliferate within the lesion and entrap dystrophic axon tips. Here we review evidence that this aggregate scar acts as the major barrier to regeneration of axons after injury. We also consider several exciting new interventions that allow axons to regenerate beyond the glial scar, and discuss the implications of this work for the future of regeneration biology.
星形胶质细胞通过在病变部位周围形成密集的丝状突起来对中枢神经系统损伤做出反应。基质细胞迅速在病变部位定居,并合成有助于纤维化的结缔组织成分。少突胶质细胞前体细胞在病变部位增殖,并捕获变性轴突末梢。在这里,我们回顾了证据表明,这种聚集的瘢痕是损伤后轴突再生的主要障碍。我们还考虑了几种令人兴奋的新干预措施,这些措施允许轴突在神经胶质瘢痕之外再生,并讨论了这项工作对再生生物学未来的影响。