大学生中的冲动性与问题饮酒：探究与性相关的酒精预期及性行为中饮酒的中介作用。
Impulsivity and Problem Drinking in College: Examining the Mediating Role of Sex-Related Alcohol Expectancies and Alcohol Use at Sex.
作者信息
Banks Devin E, Zapolski Tamika C B
机构信息
a Department of Psychology , Indiana University Purdue University-Indianapolis , Indianapolis , Indiana , USA.
出版信息
Subst Use Misuse. 2017 Jul 3;52(8):992-1002. doi: 10.1080/10826084.2016.1268629. Epub 2017 Mar 20.
BACKGROUND
Dispositional impulsivity has been consistently implicated as a risk factor for problem drinking among college students and research suggests that this relationship may be explained in part by alcohol expectancies. A subset of alcohol expectancies, sex-related alcohol expectancies, is particularly linked to problem drinking among college students. The acquired preparedness model of risk postulates that people with dispositional impulsivity develop stronger sex-related alcohol expectancies, are subsequently more likely to drink at problematic levels in sexual situations, and thus, engage in more problem drinking.
OBJECTIVES
Using this model, the current study examined whether sex-related alcohol expectancies and alcohol use at sex mediated the relationship between impulsivity and problem drinking among college students.
METHODS
College students (N = 101) completed self-report measures of alcohol use, sex-related alcohol expectancies, and five dimensions of impulsivity: negative urgency, positive urgency, sensation seeking, lack of premeditation, and lack of perseverance.
RESULTS
Two facets of impulsivity-sensation seeking and lack of premeditation-provided unique contributions to problem drinking. Sex-related alcohol expectancies significantly mediated the effects of lack of premeditation and sensation seeking on problem drinking. In support of the acquired preparedness model, the relationship between the impulsivity traits and problem drinking was serially mediated by sex-related alcohol expectancies and alcohol use at sex.
CONCLUSIONS
Results suggest that sensation seeking and lack of premeditation continue to be areas of intervention for problem drinking among college students, and implicate sex-related alcohol expectancies as an area of intervention for alcohol use at sex and problem drinking.
背景
特质冲动性一直被认为是大学生酗酒问题的一个风险因素，研究表明这种关系可能部分由饮酒期望来解释。饮酒期望的一个子集，即与性相关的饮酒期望，尤其与大学生的酗酒问题相关。风险的习得性准备模型假设，特质冲动性的人会形成更强的与性相关的饮酒期望，随后在性情境中更有可能以问题水平饮酒，从而导致更多的酗酒问题。
目的
利用该模型，本研究考察了与性相关的饮酒期望和性行为中的饮酒是否介导了大学生冲动性与酗酒问题之间的关系。
方法
101名大学生完成了关于饮酒、与性相关的饮酒期望以及冲动性五个维度（消极紧迫性、积极紧迫性、寻求刺激、缺乏预谋、缺乏毅力）的自我报告测量。
结果
冲动性的两个方面——寻求刺激和缺乏预谋——对酗酒问题有独特的影响。与性相关的饮酒期望显著介导了缺乏预谋和寻求刺激对酗酒问题的影响。支持习得性准备模型的是，冲动性特质与酗酒问题之间的关系由与性相关的饮酒期望和性行为中的饮酒依次介导。
结论
结果表明，寻求刺激和缺乏预谋仍然是大学生酗酒问题的干预领域，并且表明与性相关的饮酒期望是性行为中的饮酒和酗酒问题的一个干预领域。
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