Goudriaan Anna E, Grekin Emily R, Sher Kenneth J
University of Missouri-Columbia, and the Midwest Alcoholism Research Center, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA.
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2007 Jun;31(6):928-38. doi: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2007.00378.x.
Behavioral decision making, as measured by the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) is found to be diminished in individuals with substance dependence and other types of disinhibitory psychopathology. However, little is known regarding the relation between heavy alcohol use and decision-making skills in young adults. This study therefore investigated whether binge drinking is related to disadvantageous decision making, as measured by the IGT. We also examined the relation between decision making and impulsivity.
Latent class growth analysis was used to classify college students into 4 groups (each group n=50, 50% male), based on their binge drinking trajectories over a 2-year time period (precollege through second year of college). Participants were 200 college students, divided in 4 subgroups: (1) low binge drinkers, (2) stable moderate binge drinkers, (3) increasing binge drinkers, and (4) stable high binge drinkers. A measure of decision making, the IGT, impulsivity questionnaires, and multiple indicators of heavy alcohol use were included.
The stable high binge-drinking group made less advantageous choices on the IGT than the low binge-drinking group. Impulsivity was not related to decision-making performance. Decision-making performance did not differ by gender, but deck preferences and decision time patterns did differ; women preferred low frequency, high amount punishments to a greater extent than men.
Although disadvantageous decision making is related to binge-drinking patterns in emerging adulthood, this relation is independent of impulsivity. Additionally, the association appears attributable to those who engage in heavy (binge) drinking at an early age, but not to age of onset of drinking in general.
通过爱荷华赌博任务（IGT）衡量的行为决策能力，在物质依赖个体和其他类型的抑制解除性精神病理学个体中有所下降。然而，对于年轻人中大量饮酒与决策技能之间的关系知之甚少。因此，本研究调查了暴饮暴食是否与IGT所衡量的不利决策有关。我们还研究了决策与冲动性之间的关系。
基于大学生在两年时间内（从大学前到大学二年级）的暴饮暴食轨迹，采用潜在类别增长分析将200名大学生分为4组（每组n = 50，50%为男性）。参与者为200名大学生，分为4个亚组：（1）低暴饮暴食者，（2）稳定的中度暴饮暴食者，（3）增加的暴饮暴食者，以及（4）稳定的高暴饮暴食者。研究纳入了决策能力测量工具IGT、冲动性问卷以及大量饮酒的多项指标。
稳定的高暴饮暴食组在IGT上做出的有利选择比低暴饮暴食组少。冲动性与决策表现无关。决策表现不存在性别差异，但牌组偏好和决策时间模式存在差异；女性比男性更倾向于选择低频、高惩罚量的牌组。
尽管不利决策与成年早期的暴饮暴食模式有关，但这种关系与冲动性无关。此外，这种关联似乎归因于那些在早年就大量（暴饮）饮酒的人，而不是一般的饮酒起始年龄。
