Intra and inter subspecific variation in soluble proteins of Oryza sativa L.

Types representing three subspecies of Oryza sativa, namely, indica, japonica and javanica, and a group of intermediate types collected from North East India, were studied for variation in soluble proteins using acrylamide gel electrophoresis. The study revealed that there was a marked variation within and between varietal groups. Variability for number and intensity of protein bands in indica was wider than in japonica and javanica. Protein pattern in the group comprising N.E. Indian types transgressed that of all three established groups by displaying a wide spectrum. Relative homology, as measured from percentage similarities of N.E. Indian types to the three subspecies, suggested the existence of six different groups. Comparison of varietal groups for the protein mobility pattern showed that japonica and javanica varieties tended to show higher percentages of slow mobility proteins than indica. It appears, from the narrow variability and relatively low percentage of slow mobility proteins, that the japonica and javanica races are of later origin compared to indica. However, the study with a limited number of types suggested the monophyletic origin of varietal groups from an indica-like base predominantly found in the secondary centres of origin of O. sativa.