Xiao J, Shen F, Xue Q, Chen G, Zeng K, Stone P, Zhao M, Chen Q
Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Hospital Affiliated Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China.
The Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
J Hum Hypertens. 2014 Nov;28(11):694-8. doi: 10.1038/jhh.2013.148. Epub 2014 Jan 16.
Preeclampsia is a major complication of pregnancy. Risk factors for preeclampsia include population and regional ethnicity. Chinese women living outside the Chinese mainland have a lower prevalence of preeclampsia than resident Caucasians. We performed a retrospective study to identify potential factors that may be associated with developing preeclampsia in China. A total of 67,746 pregnant women were included in this study from 2002 to 2011. Data included maternal age, maternal body mass index (BMI), age at marriage, parity, gestation and blood pressure at diagnosis, proteinuria, and birth weight. In the study period, 1301 (1.92%) nulliparous women developed preeclampsia. The prevalence of mild or severe preeclampsia was 1.42% or 0.49%, respectively. The average BMI was 21.61 kg m(-2). On the basis of the WHO BMI classification, 78.8% of women were of normal BMI, 18.3% were overweight and 2.9% were obese. A total of 37.8% of preeclamptic women had lived with the same partner for less than 1 year, which was significantly higher than those healthy pregnant women who did not develop preeclampsia (24.2%). The prevalence of preeclampsia in China is low compared with Caucasians, and the contribution to this lower prevalence may be dependent on BMI or lifestyle including period of cohabitation with the partner. Our data suggest that Chinese ethnicity may be a factor responsible for the low risk of developing preeclampsia in the populations studied.
子痫前期是妊娠的一种主要并发症。子痫前期的风险因素包括人群和地区种族。居住在中国大陆以外的中国女性子痫前期的患病率低于当地的高加索人。我们进行了一项回顾性研究，以确定在中国可能与子痫前期发生相关的潜在因素。2002年至2011年共有67746名孕妇纳入本研究。数据包括产妇年龄、产妇体重指数（BMI）、结婚年龄、产次、诊断时的孕周和血压、蛋白尿及出生体重。在研究期间，1301名（1.92%）初产妇发生了子痫前期。轻度或重度子痫前期的患病率分别为1.42%或0.49%。平均BMI为21.61kg/m²。根据世界卫生组织的BMI分类，78.8%的女性BMI正常，18.3%超重，2.9%肥胖。共有37.8%的子痫前期女性与同一伴侣同居不到1年，这一比例显著高于未发生子痫前期的健康孕妇（24.2%）。与高加索人相比，中国子痫前期的患病率较低，这种较低患病率的原因可能取决于BMI或生活方式，包括与伴侣同居的时间。我们的数据表明，在所研究的人群中，中国种族可能是子痫前期低发病风险的一个因素。
