Neelakantan Nithya, Narayanan Madanagopal, de Souza Russell J, van Dam Rob M
Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.
Nutr J. 2014 Jan 18;13:7. doi: 10.1186/1475-2891-13-7.
Fenugreek is a herb that is widely used in cooking and as a traditional medicine for diabetes in Asia. It has been shown to acutely lower postprandial glucose levels, but the long-term effect on glycemia remains uncertain. We systematically reviewed clinical trials of the effect of fenugreek intake on markers of glucose homeostasis.
PubMed, SCOPUS, the Cochrane Trials Registry, Web of Science, and BIOSIS were searched up to 29 Nov 2013 for trials of at least 1 week duration comparing intake of fenugreek seeds with a control intervention. Data on change in fasting blood glucose, 2 hour postload glucose, and HbA1c were pooled using random-effects models.
A total of 10 trials were identified. Fenugreek significantly changed fasting blood glucose by -0.96 mmol/l (95% CI: -1.52, -0.40; I² = 80%; 10 trials), 2 hour postload glucose by -2.19 mmol/l (95% CI: -3.19, -1.19; I² = 71%; 7 trials) and HbA1c by -0.85% (95% CI: -1.49%, -0.22%; I² = 0%; 3 trials) as compared with control interventions. The considerable heterogeneity in study results was partly explained by diabetes status and dose: significant effects on fasting and 2 hr glucose were only found for studies that administered medium or high doses of fenugreek in persons with diabetes. Most of the trials were of low methodological quality.
Results from clinical trials support beneficial effects of fenugreek seeds on glycemic control in persons with diabetes. However, trials with higher methodology quality using a well characterized fenugreek preparation of sufficient dose are needed to provide more conclusive evidence.
葫芦巴是一种在烹饪中广泛使用的草药，在亚洲作为治疗糖尿病的传统药物。已表明其可迅速降低餐后血糖水平，但对血糖的长期影响仍不确定。我们系统评价了摄入葫芦巴对葡萄糖稳态指标影响的临床试验。
检索截至2013年11月29日的PubMed、SCOPUS、Cochrane试验注册库、科学网和生物学文摘数据库，查找至少为期1周的将葫芦巴籽摄入量与对照干预进行比较的试验。使用随机效应模型汇总空腹血糖、负荷后2小时血糖和糖化血红蛋白变化的数据。
共识别出10项试验。与对照干预相比，葫芦巴使空腹血糖显著降低0.96 mmol/L（95%CI：-1.52，-0.40；I² = = 80%；10项试验），负荷后2小时血糖降低2.19 mmol/L（95%CI：-3.19，-1.19；I² = = 71%；7项试验），糖化血红蛋白降低0.85%（95%CI：-1.49%，-0.22%；I² = = 0%；3项试验）。研究结果中相当大的异质性部分可由糖尿病状态和剂量解释：仅在糖尿病患者中给予中或高剂量葫芦巴的研究中发现对空腹和2小时血糖有显著影响。大多数试验的方法学质量较低。
临床试验结果支持葫芦巴籽对糖尿病患者血糖控制有益。然而，需要采用更高方法学质量、使用特征明确且剂量充足的葫芦巴制剂进行试验，以提供更确凿的证据。
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