Du Mont Janice, Forte Tonia
Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, 7th Floor, 790 Bay St, Toronto ON M5G 1N8, Canada.
BMC Public Health. 2014 Jan 18;14:51. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-14-51.
There is strong evidence that women with serious or chronic mental illness experience higher rates of violence than women in the general population. Our objective was to examine the risk of intimate partner violence (IPV), a form of violence that is often recurrent and linked to negative physical and psychological consequences, among a representative sample of non-institutionalized women with activity limitations (ALs) due to a mental health condition.
Data from the 2009 General Social Survey were used, a national, population-based, cross-sectional survey. The sample included 6851 women reporting contact with a current or former partner in the previous five years, of whom 322 (4.7%) reported a mental health-related AL always/often or sometimes.
The prevalence of any type of IPV was highest among women with mental health-related ALs always/often (54.4%), followed by women reporting ALs sometimes (49.9%), and those reporting no ALs (18.3%, p < 0.0001). The same pattern was observed for emotional (51.1%, 45.5%, 16.3%, p < 0.0001) and financial IPV (18.1%, 9.5%, 4.0%, p < 0.0001). For physical/sexual violence, rates were similar among women reporting mental health-related ALs always/often and sometimes, but were lower among those reporting no ALs (20.2%, 20.9%, 5.9%, p < 0.0001). In a logistic regression analysis the odds of having experienced any IPV remained greater for women reporting ALs always/often (OR = 3.65; 95% CI: 2.10, 6.32) and sometimes (OR = 3.20; 95% CI: 2.15, 4.75) than those reporting no ALs. Several social capital variables, including perceptions of having experienced discrimination, a weak sense of belonging in their local community, and low trust toward family members and strangers were also significantly associated with having experienced IPV.
Findings suggest that women with mental health-related ALs may be at increased risk of IPV. Health and social service providers may need, therefore, to better target prevention and intervention initiatives to this population.
有充分证据表明，患有严重或慢性精神疾病的女性遭受暴力的比例高于普通女性群体。我们的目标是在因心理健康状况而有活动受限（AL）的非机构化女性代表性样本中，研究亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）的风险，IPV是一种经常反复发生且与负面身体和心理后果相关的暴力形式。
使用了2009年综合社会调查的数据，这是一项基于全国人口的横断面调查。样本包括6851名报告在过去五年中与现任或前任伴侣有过接触的女性，其中322名（4.7%）报告总是/经常或有时存在与心理健康相关的活动受限。
总是/经常存在与心理健康相关活动受限的女性中，任何类型IPV的患病率最高（54.4%），其次是有时报告活动受限的女性（49.9%），以及报告无活动受限的女性（18.3%，p < 0.0001）。在情感IPV（51.1%，45.5%，16.3%，p < 0.0001）和经济IPV（18.1%，9.5%，4.0%，p < 0.0001）方面也观察到相同模式。对于身体/性暴力，总是/经常和有时报告与心理健康相关活动受限的女性比例相似，但报告无活动受限的女性比例较低（20.2%，20.9%，5.9%，p < 0.0001）。在逻辑回归分析中，总是/经常（OR = 3.65；95% CI：2.10，6.32）和有时（OR = 3.20；95% CI：2.15，4.75）报告活动受限的女性经历任何IPV的几率仍然高于报告无活动受限的女性。包括经历歧视的感受、在当地社区归属感薄弱以及对家庭成员和陌生人信任度低等几个社会资本变量也与经历IPV显著相关。
研究结果表明，与心理健康相关活动受限的女性可能面临更高的IPV风险。因此，健康和社会服务提供者可能需要更好地针对这一人群开展预防和干预举措。
