Stathopoulos Elaine T, Huber Jessica E, Richardson Kelly, Kamphaus Jennifer, DeCicco Devan, Darling Meghan, Fulcher Katrina, Sussman Joan E
University at Buffalo, Department of Communicative Disorders & Sciences, 3435 Main Street, Cary Hall, Rm 122, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA.
Purdue University, Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, 500 Oval Drive, Heavilon Hall 202B, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2038, USA.
J Commun Disord. 2014 Mar-Apr;48:1-17. doi: 10.1016/j.jcomdis.2013.12.001. Epub 2013 Dec 28.
The objective of the present study was to investigate whether speakers with hypophonia, secondary to Parkinson's disease (PD), would increases their vocal intensity when speaking in a noisy environment (Lombard effect). The other objective was to examine the underlying laryngeal and respiratory strategies used to increase vocal intensity.
Thirty-three participants with PD were included for study. Each participant was fitted with the SpeechVive™ device that played multi-talker babble noise into one ear during speech. Using acoustic, aerodynamic and respiratory kinematic techniques, the simultaneous laryngeal and respiratory mechanisms used to regulate vocal intensity were examined.
Significant group results showed that most speakers with PD (26/33) were successful at increasing their vocal intensity when speaking in the condition of multi-talker babble noise. They were able to support their increased vocal intensity and subglottal pressure with combined strategies from both the laryngeal and respiratory mechanisms. Individual speaker analysis indicated that the particular laryngeal and respiratory interactions differed among speakers.
The SpeechVive™ device elicited higher vocal intensities from patients with PD. Speakers used different combinations of laryngeal and respiratory physiologic mechanisms to increase vocal intensity, thus suggesting that disease process does not uniformly affect the speech subsystems.
Readers will be able to: (1) identify speech characteristics of people with Parkinson's disease (PD), (2) identify typical respiratory strategies for increasing sound pressure level (SPL), (3) identify typical laryngeal strategies for increasing SPL, (4) define the Lombard effect.
本研究的目的是调查患有帕金森病（PD）导致发声减弱的患者在嘈杂环境中说话时（伦巴德效应）是否会提高其发声强度。另一个目的是研究用于提高发声强度的潜在喉部和呼吸策略。
33名帕金森病患者参与了研究。每位参与者都佩戴了SpeechVive™设备，该设备在其说话时向一只耳朵播放多人嘈杂声。使用声学、空气动力学和呼吸运动学技术，研究了用于调节发声强度的同时发生的喉部和呼吸机制。
显著的组结果表明，大多数帕金森病患者（26/33）在多人嘈杂声环境中说话时能够成功提高其发声强度。他们能够通过喉部和呼吸机制的联合策略来支持其增加的发声强度和声门下压力。个体患者分析表明，不同患者的特定喉部和呼吸相互作用有所不同。
SpeechVive™设备使帕金森病患者发出更高的发声强度。患者使用不同的喉部和呼吸生理机制组合来提高发声强度，因此表明疾病过程并非均匀地影响言语子系统。
读者将能够：（1）识别帕金森病（PD）患者的言语特征，（2）识别提高声压级（SPL）的典型呼吸策略，（3）识别提高SPL的典型喉部策略，（4）定义伦巴德效应。
