Mazzetto de Menezes Keyla S, Master Suely, Guzman Marco, Bortnem Cori, Ramos Luiz Roberto
Departamento de Salud Pública, Escola Paulista de Medicina/Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM/UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brasil.
Departamento de Artes Escénicas, Instituto de Artes, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), São Paulo, Brasil.
Acta Otorrinolaringol Esp. 2014 Mar-Apr;65(2):76-84. doi: 10.1016/j.otorri.2013.07.009. Epub 2014 Jan 16.
The present study aimed to compare elderly and young female voices in habitual and high intensity. The effect of increased intensity on the acoustic and perceptual parameters was assessed.
Sound pressure level, fundamental frequency, jitter, shimmer, and harmonic to noise ratio were obtained at habitual and high intensity voice in a group of 30 elderly women and 30 young women. Perceptual assessment was also performed.
Both groups demonstrated an increase in sound pressure level and fundamental frequency from habitual voice to high intensity voice. No differences were found between groups in any acoustic variables on samples recorded with habitual intensity level. No significant differences between groups were found in habitual intensity level for pitch, hoarseness, roughness, and breathiness. Asthenia and instability obtained significant higher values in elderly than young participants, whereas, the elderly demonstrated lower values for perceived tension and loudness than young subjects.
Acoustic and perceptual measures do not demonstrate evident differences between elderly and young speakers in habitual intensity level. The parameters analyzed may lack the sensitivity necessary to detect differences in subjects with normal voices. Phonation with high intensity highlights differences between groups, especially in perceptual parameters. Therefore, high intensity should be included to compare elderly and young voice.
本研究旨在比较老年和年轻女性在习惯性发声和高强度发声时的嗓音情况。评估了强度增加对声学和感知参数的影响。
对30名老年女性和30名年轻女性在习惯性发声和高强度发声时的声压级、基频、抖动、闪烁和谐波噪声比进行了测量。还进行了感知评估。
两组从习惯性发声到高强度发声时，声压级和基频均有所增加。在习惯性强度水平记录的样本中，两组在任何声学变量上均未发现差异。在音高、嘶哑、粗糙和呼吸声的习惯性强度水平上，两组之间未发现显著差异。老年参与者的虚弱和不稳定性得分显著高于年轻参与者，而老年参与者在感知紧张度和响度方面的得分低于年轻受试者。
在习惯性强度水平下，声学和感知测量未显示老年和年轻发声者之间存在明显差异。所分析的参数可能缺乏检测正常嗓音受试者差异所需的敏感性。高强度发声突出了两组之间的差异，尤其是在感知参数方面。因此，在比较老年和年轻嗓音时应纳入高强度发声情况。
