Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain.
Instituto de Neurociencias de Castilla y León, 37007 Salamanca, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Feb 14;19(4):2137. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19042137.
During aging, changes in human speech may arise because of the neurophysiological deterioration associated with age, or as the result of an impairment in the cognitive processes underlying speech production. Some speech parameters show specific alterations under the presence of dementia. The objective of our study is to identify which of these parameters change because of age, cognitive state, or the interaction of both.
The sample includes 400 people over 55 years old, who were divided into four groups, according to their age. The cognitive state of the participants was assessed through the MMSE test and three ranks were stablished. Gender was also considered in the analysis.
Certain temporal, fluency, rhythm, amplitude and voice quality parameters were found to be related to the cognitive state, while disturbance parameters changed due to age. Frequency parameters were exclusively influenced by gender.
Understanding how speech parameters are specifically affected by age, cognitive state, or the interaction of both, is determinant to advance in the use of speech as a clinical marker for the detection of cognitive impairments.
随着年龄的增长，人类言语可能会发生变化，这可能是由于与年龄相关的神经生理恶化，也可能是言语产生所必需的认知过程受损的结果。一些言语参数在痴呆存在下表现出特定的变化。我们研究的目的是确定这些参数是由于年龄、认知状态还是两者的相互作用而发生变化。
该样本包括 400 名 55 岁以上的人，根据年龄分为四组。参与者的认知状态通过 MMSE 测试进行评估，并建立了三个等级。在分析中还考虑了性别。
某些时域、流畅度、节奏、幅度和语音质量参数与认知状态有关，而干扰参数则与年龄有关。频率参数仅受性别影响。
了解言语参数是如何受到年龄、认知状态或两者相互作用的具体影响，对于利用言语作为检测认知障碍的临床标志物的进展至关重要。
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