Department of Psychology, University of Milano - Bicocca, Piazza dell'Ateneo Nuovo, 1, 20126 Milano, Italy.
J Adolesc. 2014 Feb;37(2):97-101. doi: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2013.11.006. Epub 2013 Dec 8.
Dispositional optimism is an individual difference promoting psychosocial adjustment and well-being during adolescence. Dispositional optimism was originally defined as a one-dimensional construct; however, empirical evidence suggests two correlated factors in the Life Orientation Test - Revised (LOT-R). The main aim of the study was to evaluate the dimensionality of the LOT-R. This study is the first attempt to identify the best factor structure, comparing congeneric, two correlated-factor, and two orthogonal-factor models in a sample of adolescents. Concurrent validity was also assessed. The results demonstrated the superior fit of the two orthogonal-factor model thus reconciling the one-dimensional definition of dispositional optimism with the bi-dimensionality of the LOT-R. Moreover, the results of correlational analyses proved the concurrent validity of this self-report measure: optimism is moderately related to indices of psychosocial adjustment and well-being. Thus, the LOT-R is a useful, valid, and reliable self-report measure to properly assess optimism in adolescence.
性格乐观主义是一种个体差异，它可以促进青少年时期的心理社会适应和幸福感。性格乐观主义最初被定义为一个一维结构；然而，实证证据表明，在修订后的生活取向测试（LOT-R）中有两个相关的因素。本研究的主要目的是评估 LOT-R 的维度。这是首次尝试在青少年样本中比较同类型、两个相关因素和两个正交因素模型，以确定最佳的因素结构。同时还评估了效标关联效度。结果表明，两个正交因素模型的拟合度更好，从而调和了性格乐观主义的一维定义与 LOT-R 的二维性。此外，相关分析的结果证明了这种自评量表的同时效度：乐观与心理社会适应和幸福感的指数中度相关。因此，LOT-R 是一种有用、有效和可靠的自评量表，可以在青少年时期正确评估乐观主义。
