Chongwo Esther J, Too Ezra K, Mabrouk Adam A, Abubakar Amina
Institute for Human Development, Aga Khan University, Nairobi, Kenya.
Afr J Psychol Assess. 2023 Sep 26;5:137. doi: 10.4102/ajopa.v5i0.137. eCollection 2023.
There is much research examining adolescent hope and optimism, but there is limited information on the available measures, particularly the most frequently used measures and their psychometric properties. We conducted a scoping review to: (1) identify measures of hope and optimism for use among adolescents; (2) determine the most frequently used measures of adolescent hope and optimism; (3) document the psychometric properties of the identified measures. We searched five bibliographic databases and Open Grey for relevant articles published from database inception to 03 May 2023. The search included the key terms 'adolescents', 'optimism', 'hope' and 'measures'. We targeted adolescents aged 10-19 years without country or gender restrictions. We identified 86 measures of optimism and 64 measures of hope for use among adolescents from 803 eligible studies. Most of the included studies ( = 341, 42.5%) originated from North America. We identified 22 most frequently used measures used across 603 (75.1%) of the included studies, with 509 (84.4%) of them providing their psychometric properties. The reported validity of the tools included face, content, construct, criterion, convergent, discriminant, predictive validity and measurement invariance. There are several measures of adolescent hope and optimism. The most frequently used measures of these constructs demonstrated sound psychometric properties, especially reliability. However, most of the evidence originates from high-income countries. There is a need for development, cross-cultural adaptation and validation of these tools to other settings.
Hope and optimism are character strengths that have been consistently linked to positive health outcomes in adolescents. Based on increasing research on adolescent hope and optimism, there have been measures developed to assess these constructs but there is no study summarising the available measures, particularly regarding the most frequently used measures and their reliability and validity across contexts. This study aimed at filling this gap. Information on this will be useful to various stakeholders to make evidence-informed choice on selection of the most relevant instrument for use in adolescents in their contexts.
有许多研究探讨青少年的希望和乐观主义，但关于现有测量工具的信息有限，特别是最常用的测量工具及其心理测量特性。我们进行了一项范围综述，以：（1）识别青少年使用的希望和乐观主义测量工具；（2）确定青少年希望和乐观主义最常用的测量工具；（3）记录所识别测量工具的心理测量特性。我们在五个文献数据库和Open Grey中搜索了从数据库创建到2023年5月3日发表的相关文章。搜索包括关键词“青少年”、“乐观主义”、“希望”和“测量工具”。我们的目标是10至19岁的青少年，没有国家或性别的限制。我们从803项符合条件的研究中识别出86种青少年乐观主义测量工具和64种青少年希望测量工具。大多数纳入研究（n = 341，42.5%）来自北美。我们识别出22种最常用的测量工具，这些工具在603项（75.1%）纳入研究中被使用，其中509项（84.4%）提供了其心理测量特性。报告的工具效度包括表面效度、内容效度、结构效度、效标效度、收敛效度、区分效度、预测效度和测量不变性。有几种青少年希望和乐观主义的测量工具。这些构念最常用的测量工具显示出良好的心理测量特性，尤其是信度。然而，大多数证据来自高收入国家。需要对这些工具进行开发、跨文化改编并在其他环境中进行验证。
希望和乐观主义是性格优势，一直与青少年的积极健康结果相关。基于对青少年希望和乐观主义的研究不断增加，已经开发了评估这些构念的测量工具，但没有研究总结现有测量工具，特别是关于最常用的测量工具及其在不同背景下的信度和效度。本研究旨在填补这一空白。关于这方面的信息将有助于不同利益相关者在其背景下为青少年选择最相关工具时做出基于证据的选择。
