Department of Nursing, Kwassui Women's University, Nagasaki, Japan.
Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2014 Jul;68(7):524-33. doi: 10.1111/pcn.12159. Epub 2014 Mar 4.
A mega-earthquake and tsunami struck the northeastern coast of Japan, and many survivors were forced to evacuate to temporary housing due to rising radiation levels. The aims of this study were to investigate the prevalence of symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, and poor general health among survivors, to test the predictive roles of resilience on mental and physical health, and to examine the predictive sociodemographic factors on resilience.
Two hundred and forty-one evacuees (men/women: 116/125) from Hirono, Fukushima participated in the study. They were asked to complete the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale, the Impact of Events Scale-Revised, and a demographic questionnaire.
Among all participants, 53.5% exhibited the clinically concerning symptoms of PTSD, and among them 33.2% indicated clinical PTSD symptoms. Additionally, 66.8% reported symptoms of depression, and among them 33.2% showed mildly depressive symptoms, while 19.1% and 14.5% demonstrated moderate and severe depressive symptoms, respectively. Resilience was a significant buffer for depression, PTSD, and general health. Additionally, employment status, eating/exercise habits, and drinking habits predicted resilience.
The results indicated that depression and PTSD are prevalent among the survivors of massive earthquakes, tsunamis, and accidents from nuclear power plants. However, the results also showed that some survivors managed to endure the traumatic events relatively well, and resilience was a significant protective factor in dealing with such events. Therefore, it is crucial to assist survivors in improving their resilience by providing job opportunities and encouraging a healthy lifestyle.
日本东北部发生特大地震和海啸，许多幸存者因辐射水平上升而被迫撤离到临时住所。本研究旨在调查幸存者中创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）、抑郁和一般健康状况不佳的症状发生率，检验韧性对心理健康和身体健康的预测作用，并探讨韧性的预测性社会人口因素。
241 名来自福岛县浪江町的避难者（男/女：116/125）参与了这项研究。他们被要求完成Connor-Davidson 韧性量表、Zung 自评抑郁量表、事件影响量表修订版和一份人口统计学问卷。
在所有参与者中，53.5%表现出具有临床意义的 PTSD 症状，其中 33.2%表现出临床 PTSD 症状。此外，66.8%报告有抑郁症状，其中 33.2%表现出轻度抑郁症状，19.1%和 14.5%分别表现出中度和重度抑郁症状。韧性是抑郁、PTSD 和一般健康的重要缓冲因素。此外，就业状况、饮食/运动习惯和饮酒习惯预测了韧性。
研究结果表明，大地震、海啸和核电站事故的幸存者中普遍存在抑郁和 PTSD。然而，研究结果也表明，一些幸存者相对较好地承受了创伤事件，韧性是应对此类事件的重要保护因素。因此，通过提供就业机会和鼓励健康的生活方式，帮助幸存者提高韧性至关重要。
