Monzani Lucas, Ripoll Pilar, Peiró José María
1 Universidad de Valencia, 2 IDOCAL.
Psicothema. 2014;26(1):69-75. doi: 10.7334/psicothema2013.67.
Effective leaders understand that loyal followers are the key for success. To win their loyalty, leaders usually build social exchange relationships with them, through a wide range of behaviours, such as honouring agreements or using open and transparent communication. However, the effect of these behaviours on their followers' loyalty can differ depending on followers' individual differences, especially in relational traits such as agreeableness and extraversion.
We explored the moderating role of followers' agreeableness and extraversion in the relationship between authentic leadership (using transactional leadership as reference group) and followers' loyalty. A two-wave experiment, where 224 participants with and without work experience were randomly assigned to either a transactional or authentic leadership style condition was conducted.
Our results show that followers in the authentic leadership condition had higher levels of loyalty toward their leader. Moreover, followers' agreeableness played a negative moderating role in this relationship whereas extraversion played a positive moderating role in it.
Our results indicate that followers' characteristics influence the effect of situational factors on their attitudes, such as loyalty, providing support for the need of a more integrative approach to leadership, where followers need to be considered as active elements of this process ofinfluence.
有效的领导者明白忠诚的追随者是成功的关键。为了赢得他们的忠诚，领导者通常会通过一系列行为与他们建立社会交换关系，比如遵守协议或采用开放透明的沟通方式。然而，这些行为对追随者忠诚度的影响可能因追随者的个体差异而有所不同，尤其是在宜人性和外向性等关系特质方面。
我们探讨了追随者的宜人性和外向性在真实领导（以交易型领导为参照组）与追随者忠诚度之间关系中的调节作用。进行了一项两阶段实验，将224名有工作经验和无工作经验的参与者随机分配到交易型或真实领导风格情境中。
我们的结果表明，处于真实领导情境中的追随者对其领导者的忠诚度更高。此外，追随者的宜人性在这种关系中起负向调节作用，而外向性起正向调节作用。
我们的结果表明追随者的特征会影响情境因素对其态度（如忠诚度）的影响，为采用更综合的领导方法提供了支持，在这种方法中，追随者需要被视为这一影响过程中的积极因素。
