Segat H J, Kronbauer M, Roversi Kr, Schuster A J, Vey L T, Roversi K, Pase C S, Antoniazzi C T D, Burger M E
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica-Universidade Federal de Santa Maria-UFSM-RS, Brazil.
Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia-Universidade Federal de Santa Maria-UFSM-RS, Brazil.
Behav Brain Res. 2014 Apr 1;262:94-100. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2014.01.005. Epub 2014 Jan 18.
Exercise has been reported to attenuate rewarding symptoms related to addictive drugs mainly by affecting the brain neuroplasticity and neurotransmission. In this study, we investigated the influence of physical exercise on the behavioral and enzymatic status related to drug relapse in rats. Animals were primarily treated with amphetamine (AMPH; 4.0 mg/kg, i.p.) or vehicle (C; NaCl 0.9% solution) in the conditioned place preference (CPP) paradigm for 14 days. Half of each experimental group was then submitted to swimming sessions (60 min/day, 5 days/week) for 5 weeks. Animals were re-exposed to AMPH- or vehicle-CPP paradigm for another 3 days, in order to observe drug relapse and anxiety-like symptoms, which were observed 24h after AMPH reconditioning in CPP, and elevated plus maze (EPM), respectively, and brain biochemical evaluations were carried out subsequently. While AMPH was related to place preference and anxiety, indicating drug addiction and abstinence symptoms, respectively, physical activity was able to prevent relapse symptoms after AMPH reconditioning, as observed through consecutive decreased CPP and anxiety-like symptoms. In addition, AMPH exposure increased reactive species (RS) generation and protein carbonyl (PC) levels together with decreased activity of catalase- and Na(+)K(+)-ATPase in hippocampus. On the other hand, while all AMPH-induced effects were prevented by physical activity, there was a negative correlation between PC levels (r=0.65; p<0.003) and CAT activity, and a positive correlation between RS generation and PC levels (r=0.54; r=0.52, p<0.05) with AMPH-CPP after exercise. These results indicate that exercise has a clear beneficial influence on the prevention of psychostimulant drug relapse.
据报道，运动主要通过影响大脑神经可塑性和神经传递来减轻与成瘾性药物相关的奖赏症状。在本研究中，我们调查了体育锻炼对大鼠药物复吸相关行为和酶状态的影响。在条件性位置偏爱（CPP）范式中，动物首先接受苯丙胺（AMPH；4.0mg/kg，腹腔注射）或溶剂对照（C；0.9%氯化钠溶液）处理14天。然后，每个实验组的一半动物进行为期5周的游泳训练（每天60分钟，每周5天）。动物再次接受AMPH或溶剂对照-CPP范式处理3天，以观察药物复吸和焦虑样症状，分别在CPP中AMPH重新给药后24小时以及高架十字迷宫（EPM）中观察到这些症状，随后进行脑生化评估。虽然AMPH分别与位置偏爱和焦虑相关，表明药物成瘾和戒断症状，但通过连续降低的CPP和焦虑样症状观察到，体育活动能够预防AMPH重新给药后的复吸症状。此外，暴露于AMPH会增加海马体中活性物质（RS）的生成和蛋白质羰基（PC）水平，同时降低过氧化氢酶和钠钾ATP酶的活性。另一方面，虽然体育活动可预防所有AMPH诱导的效应，但运动后PC水平（r=0.65；p<0.003）与CAT活性之间呈负相关，RS生成与PC水平之间以及与AMPH-CPP之间呈正相关（r=0.54；r=0.52，p<0.05）。这些结果表明，运动对预防精神兴奋剂药物复吸具有明显的有益影响。
