J Affect Disord. 2014 Jan;152-154:57-64. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2013.10.006.
Current diagnostic criteria define bipolar I (BP I) and bipolar II (BP II) disorders as distinct conditions, differing only slightly by clinical features. This review seeks to identify commonalities and differentiating features across the two sub-types, and emphasize that differences in causes and treatments are likely to be highly dependent on the diagnostic criteria used to define and differentiate the two conditions. We undertake a literature review of candidate clinical features that might be anticipated to vary or be shared across BP I and BP II disorders, and consider the impact of DSM definition on such applied findings. Studies respecting DSM-IV differentiation of BP I and BP II disorders have generated relatively few differences across the conditions, which may reflect definitional similarity or commonalities across the two conditions. As DSM-5 decision rules are similar to those used by DSM-IV to differentiate BP I and BP II disorders, we argue for application studies employing DSM-5 decisions to examine the differential impact of three features that weight BP I assignment (i.e. psychosis, hospitalization and/or impairment) and examine other sets of differentiating criteria.
目前的诊断标准将双相 I 型（BP I）和双相 II 型（BP II）障碍定义为两种不同的疾病，仅在临床特征上略有不同。本综述旨在确定两种亚型之间的共同特征和区别特征，并强调病因和治疗方法的差异很可能高度依赖于用于定义和区分这两种情况的诊断标准。我们对可能预期在 BP I 和 BP II 障碍中发生变化或共享的候选临床特征进行文献回顾，并考虑 DSM 定义对这些应用发现的影响。尊重 DSM-IV 对 BP I 和 BP II 障碍进行区分的研究在两种情况下产生的差异相对较少，这可能反映了定义上的相似性或两种情况下的共同特征。由于 DSM-5 决策规则与 DSM-IV 用于区分 BP I 和 BP II 障碍的规则相似，因此我们主张应用 DSM-5 决策进行研究，以检查三种影响 BP I 分配的特征（即精神病、住院和/或损伤）和检查其他区分标准的差异的影响。
