Parschau Linda, Barz Milena, Richert Jana, Knoll Nina, Lippke Sonia, Schwarzer Ralf
Department of Health Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin.
School of Psychological Science, Oregon State University.
Rehabil Psychol. 2014 Feb;59(1):42-9. doi: 10.1037/a0035290. Epub 2014 Jan 20.
This study tested the applicability of the Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) in a sample of obese adults in the context of physical activity.
Physical activity was assessed along with motivational and volitional variables specified in the HAPA (motivational self-efficacy, outcome expectancies, risk perception, intention, maintenance self-efficacy, action planning, coping planning, recovery self-efficacy, social support) in a sample of 484 obese men and women (body mass index ≥ 30 kg/m2).
Applying structural equation modeling, the fit of the HAPA model was satisfactory-χ²(191) = 569.93, p < .05, χ²/df = 2.98, comparative fit index = .91, normed-fit index = .87, and root mean square error of approximation = .06 (90% CI = .06, .07)-explaining 30% of the variance in intention and 18% of the variance in physical activity. Motivational self-efficacy, outcome expectancies, and social support were related to intention. An association between maintenance self-efficacy and coping planning was found. Recovery self-efficacy and social support were associated with physical activity. No relationships were found between risk perception and intention and between planning and physical activity. The assumptions derived from the HAPA were partly confirmed and the HAPA may, therefore, constitute a theoretical backdrop for intervention designs to promote physical activity in adults with obesity.
本研究在体育活动背景下，对健康行动过程方法（HAPA）在肥胖成年人样本中的适用性进行了测试。
在484名肥胖男性和女性（体重指数≥30kg/m²）样本中，对体育活动以及HAPA中规定的动机和意志变量（动机自我效能感、结果期望、风险感知、意图、维持自我效能感、行动计划、应对计划、恢复自我效能感、社会支持）进行了评估。
应用结构方程模型，HAPA模型的拟合度令人满意——χ²(191)=569.93，p<.05，χ²/df=2.98，比较拟合指数=.91，规范拟合指数=.87，近似均方根误差=.06（90%CI=.06，.07）——解释了意图中30%的方差和体育活动中18%的方差。动机自我效能感、结果期望和社会支持与意图相关。发现维持自我效能感与应对计划之间存在关联。恢复自我效能感和社会支持与体育活动相关。未发现风险感知与意图之间以及计划与体育活动之间存在关系。HAPA得出的假设部分得到证实，因此，HAPA可能构成促进肥胖成年人体育活动干预设计的理论背景。
