Zou Fasheng, Yang Qiongfang, Lin Yongbiao, Xu Guoliang, Greenberg Russell
Guangdong Entomological Institute, Guangzhou, China; South China Institute of Endangered Animals, Guangzhou, China.
Integr Zool. 2014 Jan;9(1):97-106. doi: 10.1111/1749-4877.12037.
Plantations of non-native, fast-growing trees are increasing in the tropics and subtropics, perhaps with negative consequences for the native avifauna. We studied bird diversity in 4 types of plantations in South China to determine which plantation types are especially detrimental, and compared our findings with studies in nearby natural forests to assess the magnitude of the negative impact. A total of 57 species was recorded. The mean capture rate of understory birds was 1.7 individuals 100-net-h(-1). Bird richness and capture rate were lower in plantations than in nearby natural forests. Babblers (Timaliidae), primarily forest-dependent species in South China, were particularly under-represented in plantations. Species richness, composition and bird density, particularly of understory birds, differed between plantation types. Plantations of Schima, which is native to South China, had the highest species richness according to point count data. Plantations of Acacia (non-native) supported the highest understory species richness and produced the highest capture rate of understory birds, probably because of their complex structure and high arthropod abundance. If bird diversity is to be considered, we strongly recommend that future re-afforestation projects in South China should, as far as possible, use mixed native tree species, and especially Schima, ahead of the other species.
非本土速生树种的种植园在热带和亚热带地区不断增加，这可能会对当地鸟类产生负面影响。我们研究了中国南方4种类型种植园的鸟类多样性，以确定哪些种植园类型尤其有害，并将我们的研究结果与附近天然林的研究进行比较，以评估负面影响的程度。共记录到57个物种。林下鸟类的平均捕获率为每100网小时1.7只个体。种植园内的鸟类丰富度和捕获率低于附近的天然林。鹛类（画眉科）是中国南方主要依赖森林的物种，在种植园中尤其少见。不同种植园类型之间的物种丰富度、组成和鸟类密度，尤其是林下鸟类的情况有所不同。根据点计数数据，中国本土的石栎种植园物种丰富度最高。相思树（非本土）种植园的林下物种丰富度最高，林下鸟类的捕获率也最高，这可能是因为其结构复杂且节肢动物数量丰富。如果要考虑鸟类多样性，我们强烈建议中国南方未来的重新造林项目应尽可能使用混合本土树种，尤其是石栎，优先于其他物种。
