Moudatsou Maria M, Kritsotakis George, Alegakis Athanasios K, Koutis Antonios, Philalithis Anastasios E
Department of Medicine, Faculty of Social Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece.
Health Soc Care Community. 2014 Jul;22(4):395-404. doi: 10.1111/hsc.12096. Epub 2014 Jan 23.
Breast and cervical cancers are among the leading causes of female mortality. The reasons that make women adhere, or not, to screening guidelines are not only related to individual and health characteristics but are also placed in a wider social and cultural context. Social capital might facilitate the dissemination of relevant knowledge of and the adherence to cancer screening guidelines. This cross-sectional study explored the associations of individual-level social capital with breast and cervical cancer screening and the knowledge for the existence of relevant screening tests (Pap test and mammography) in the municipality of Gorgolaini, a rural area in Crete, Greece. A random sample of 131 of the 592 women of the 2001 electoral register were invited to participate in the study and 125 completed the Social Capital Questionnaire and two questions on self-reported health knowledge and behaviour (participation rate 95.4%). Women were eligible to participate if they were aged 35-75, had lived in the area for the last 10 years and were of Greek origin. Multiple logistic regressions were performed to establish associations among each social capital factor (total, participation in the community, value of life, tolerance for diversity, feelings of safety, family/friends connections) and knowledge of and adherence to breast and cervical cancer screening guidelines after adjustment for confounders. Our results suggest that early detection of breast and cervical cancers may be facilitated when taking into account the social context of the population.
乳腺癌和宫颈癌是导致女性死亡的主要原因之一。促使女性遵守或不遵守筛查指南的原因不仅与个人和健康特征有关，还置于更广泛的社会和文化背景之中。社会资本可能有助于传播癌症筛查指南的相关知识并促进对其的遵守。这项横断面研究探讨了希腊克里特岛农村地区戈尔戈莱尼市个人层面的社会资本与乳腺癌和宫颈癌筛查以及对相关筛查检测（巴氏试验和乳房X光检查）存在的知晓情况之间的关联。从2001年选民登记册的592名女性中随机抽取131名邀请其参与研究，125名完成了社会资本问卷以及关于自我报告的健康知识和行为的两个问题（参与率95.4%）。年龄在35至75岁之间、过去10年一直居住在该地区且为希腊裔的女性有资格参与。在对混杂因素进行调整后，进行了多项逻辑回归分析以确定每个社会资本因素（总量、社区参与、生活价值、对多样性的容忍度、安全感、家庭/朋友关系）与乳腺癌和宫颈癌筛查指南的知晓情况及遵守情况之间的关联。我们的结果表明，考虑到人群的社会背景可能有助于乳腺癌和宫颈癌的早期发现。
