Roddy Gabrielle, Curnier Daniel, Ellemberg Dave
Department of Kinesiology, Laboratory of the Neuropsychology of Sport and Development, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Clin J Sport Med. 2014 Sep;24(5):364-72. doi: 10.1097/JSM.0000000000000073.
Aerobic exercise is known to reduce elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), a primary risk factor for a disease of the eye known as primary open-angle glaucoma. Given the disparate nature of experimental protocols across the literature, an analysis of studies on the effect of acute aerobic exercise on IOP is necessary to verify the influence of participant characteristics, exercise intensity, and duration.
The electronic databases PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase were searched, producing 35 empirical studies for review. Ten studies producing 14 independent groups were chosen as per the criteria of the analysis.
Random effects model was used to produce subgroup analyses, and meta-regressions were used to verify the impact of group allocation, intensity, and duration on the interstudy variability of the effect size (ES). The outcome variable of postexercise change in IOP produced a significant effect of exercise, almost 2-fold greater for sedentary populations than for normally active populations (ES = -4.198; confidence interval, -5.151 to -3.245); ES = -2.340; confidence interval, -3.305 to 1.375, respectively). The significant effect of exercise on IOP is potentially mediated by group allocation. Intensity and duration do not contribute to the overall ES nor do they explain the difference between sedentary and normally active populations.
There is a robust effect of exercise on IOP for sedentary participants. However, the heterogeneity across study parameters, such as exercise protocol, IOP measurement, and participant selection, prohibited the inclusion of studies in this analysis that may have influenced the results. The current analysis makes clear the need for standardization of protocol across this field of research.
有氧运动已知可降低眼内压升高，眼内压升高是一种名为原发性开角型青光眼的眼部疾病的主要危险因素。鉴于文献中实验方案的性质各异，有必要对急性有氧运动对眼内压影响的研究进行分析，以验证参与者特征、运动强度和持续时间的影响。
检索了电子数据库PubMed、科学网和Embase，产生了35项实证研究以供审查。根据分析标准，选择了产生14个独立组的10项研究。
采用随机效应模型进行亚组分析，并使用元回归来验证分组、强度和持续时间对效应量（ES）研究间变异性的影响。运动后眼内压变化的结果变量产生了显著的运动效应，久坐人群的效应几乎是正常活动人群的2倍（ES = -4.198；置信区间，-5.151至-3.245）；ES = -2.340；置信区间，-3.305至-1.375）。运动对眼内压的显著影响可能由分组介导。强度和持续时间对总体ES没有贡献，也无法解释久坐人群和正常活动人群之间的差异。
对于久坐的参与者，运动对眼内压有显著影响。然而，研究参数（如运动方案、眼内压测量和参与者选择）的异质性使得本分析无法纳入可能影响结果的研究。当前分析明确了该研究领域方案标准化的必要性。
