Carlsen R C, Klein H W, Matthews C C, Gourley I M
Department of Human Physiology, University of California, Davis 95616.
Exp Neurol. 1987 Dec;98(3):616-32. doi: 10.1016/0014-4886(87)90270-6.
The muscle fibers in freely grafted skeletal muscles degenerate and are replaced by new fibers which develop within the graft. Myogenesis in regenerating muscle recapitulates, to a large extent, developmental myogenesis and may depend on similar modulating influences. In addition to the generation of new fibers, functional recovery of free muscle grafts also requires reinnervation and revascularization of the new fibers. Recovery of function should be improved by enhancing either myogenesis or reinnervation and revascularization. We have used two procedures, shown previously to stimulate peripheral nerve regeneration, to improve the morphologic and functional recovery of free, orthotopic grafts of rat extensor digitorum longus muscle. Each of the procedures was effective, but had potentially different sites of action. The first procedure, the condition/test paradigm, presumably increases the rate and extent of graft reinnervation. The second procedure, continuous infusion of the adenylate cyclase activator forskolin during the first 21 days after grafting, may influence both myogenesis and nerve regeneration. Each procedure increased regenerating muscle fiber size and functional capacity, and forskolin also significantly increased capillary density and fatigue resistance.
在自由移植的骨骼肌中，肌纤维会发生退化，并被移植体内新形成的纤维所取代。再生肌肉中的肌生成在很大程度上重现了发育过程中的肌生成，并且可能依赖于相似的调节影响。除了新纤维的生成外，自由肌肉移植的功能恢复还需要新纤维的重新神经支配和血管再生。通过增强肌生成或重新神经支配及血管再生，功能恢复应该会得到改善。我们采用了两种先前已证明能刺激周围神经再生的方法，来改善大鼠趾长伸肌自由原位移植后的形态和功能恢复。每种方法都有效，但作用位点可能不同。第一种方法，即条件/测试模式，大概能提高移植体重新神经支配的速率和程度。第二种方法，在移植后的前21天持续输注腺苷酸环化酶激活剂福斯高林，可能会影响肌生成和神经再生。每种方法都增加了再生肌纤维的大小和功能能力，并且福斯高林还显著增加了毛细血管密度和抗疲劳能力。
