Jolley Daniel, Dawson Brian, Maloney Shane K, White James, Goodman Carmel, Peeling Peter
School of Sport Science, Exercise, and Health, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia.
Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2014 Jun;24(3):325-32. doi: 10.1123/ijsnem.2013-0076. Epub 2014 Jan 17.
This study investigated the influence of dehydration on urinary levels of pseudoephedrine (PSE) after prolonged repeated effort activity. Fourteen athletes performed a simulated team game circuit (STGC) outdoors over 120 min under three different hydration protocols: hydrated (HYD), dehydrated (DHY) and dehydrated + postexercise fluid bolus (BOL). In all trials, a 60 mg dose of PSE was administered 30 min before trial and at half time of the STGC. Urinary PSE levels were measured before drug administration and at 90 min postexercise. In addition, body mass (BM) changes and urinary specific gravity (USG), osmolality (OSM), creatinine (Cr), and pH values were recorded. No differences in PSE levels were found 90 min postexercise between conditions (HYD: 208.5 ± 116.5; DHY: 238.9 ± 93.5; BOL: 195.6 ± 107.3 μg · ml(-1)), although large variations were seen within and between participants across conditions (range: 33-475 μg · ml(-1): ICC r = .03-0.16, p > .05). There were no differences between conditions in USG, OSM, pH or PSE/Cr ratio. In conclusion, hydration status did not influence urinary PSE levels after prolonged repeated effort activity, with ~70% of samples greater than the WADA limit (>150 μg · ml(-1)), and ~30% under. Due to the unpredictability of urinary PSE values, athletes should avoid taking any medications containing PSE during competition.
本研究调查了长时间重复运动后脱水对伪麻黄碱（PSE）尿排泄水平的影响。14名运动员在三种不同的水合方案下，于户外进行了120分钟的模拟团队比赛循环（STGC）：水合状态（HYD）、脱水状态（DHY）和脱水+运动后补液（BOL）。在所有试验中，试验前30分钟及STGC的半场时给予60毫克剂量的PSE。在给药前及运动后90分钟测量尿PSE水平。此外，记录体重（BM）变化以及尿比重（USG）、渗透压（OSM）、肌酐（Cr）和pH值。运动后90分钟时，各状态下PSE水平无差异（HYD：208.5±116.5；DHY：238.9±93.5；BOL：195.6±107.3μg·ml⁻¹），尽管不同状态下参与者内部及之间存在较大差异（范围：33 - 475μg·ml⁻¹；组内相关系数r = 0.03 - 0.16，p>0.05）。各状态下USG、OSM、pH或PSE/Cr比值无差异。总之，长时间重复运动后，水合状态不影响尿PSE水平，约70%的样本超过世界反兴奋剂机构的限制（>150μg·ml⁻¹），约30%低于该限制。由于尿PSE值不可预测，运动员在比赛期间应避免服用任何含PSE的药物。
