1 Division of Pulmonary Diseases and Critical Care Medicine, and.
Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2014 Jan;11(1):87-91. doi: 10.1513/AnnalsATS.201308-261CR.
Cryptogenic organizing pneumonia is an idiopathic form of organizing pneumonia (also known as bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia). Because cryptogenic organizing pneumonia is considered an inflammatory disease, it characteristically responds to the broad-spectrum antiinflammatory corticosteroids, although relapse is common on discontinued use. Additionally, long-term use of corticosteroids has many side effects. In severe cases in which corticosteroids have failed, either cytotoxic therapy or macrolide therapy is used. Because of the toxicity and adverse effects of cytotoxic therapy (e.g., cyclophosphamide), this therapy option cannot be used long term in refractory cases. Macrolide therapy has been shown to be an effective antiinflammatory agent that is relatively safe when used on a long-term basis in patients with cryptogenic organizing pneumonia.
特发性机化性肺炎是一种特发性机化性肺炎（也称为闭塞性细支气管炎机化性肺炎）。由于特发性机化性肺炎被认为是一种炎症性疾病，它通常对广谱抗炎皮质类固醇有反应，尽管在停止使用后常会复发。此外，长期使用皮质类固醇有许多副作用。在皮质类固醇治疗失败的严重情况下，使用细胞毒性治疗或大环内酯类治疗。由于细胞毒性治疗（例如环磷酰胺）的毒性和不良反应，这种治疗选择不能在难治性病例中长期使用。大环内酯类治疗已被证明是一种有效的抗炎药物，在特发性机化性肺炎患者长期使用时相对安全。
