Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia.
Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia.
Appetite. 2014 May;76:9-16. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2014.01.005. Epub 2014 Jan 22.
Watching television (TV) while eating tends to increase food intake, but why this occurs is not well understood. Here, we examined TV's effects on sensory specific satiety (SSS), introception (i.e., hunger/fullness), mood and other variables, in females who all ate one snack meal with TV and another without TV. To manipulate the development of SSS, participants were assigned either to a group receiving a single type of snack food or one receiving four types. Everyone ate more with TV. More food items were eaten in the group offered multiple snack types. In the group eating a single snack type with TV, hedonic ratings indicated that SSS did not develop and this was associated with greater food intake. Irrespective of group, more food had to be consumed to generate the same shift in hunger/fullness when eating with TV, relative to no TV. TV exerted less effect on food intake both if it improved mood and if participants were unfamiliar with the TV show, and a greater effect if participants were frequent TV viewers. We suggest that TV can affect several processes that normally assist the voluntary regulation of food intake.
看电视（TV）时进食往往会增加食物摄入量，但人们并不清楚其中的原因。在这里，我们研究了电视对感官特定饱腹感（SSS）、内在感受（即饥饿/饱腹感）、情绪和其他变量的影响，这些女性在有电视和没有电视的情况下都吃了一份零食。为了控制 SSS 的发展，参与者被分配到只接受一种零食的组或接受四种零食的组。所有人在看电视时都吃得更多。在提供多种零食的组中，吃的零食种类更多。在有电视的情况下只吃一种零食的组中，愉悦度评分表明 SSS 没有发展，这与食物摄入量增加有关。无论组如何，如果在看电视时要产生与不看电视时相同的饥饿/饱腹感变化，就需要摄入更多的食物。如果电视能改善情绪或如果参与者不熟悉电视节目，电视对食物摄入量的影响就会较小，如果参与者是经常看电视的人，那么电视的影响就会更大。我们认为，电视可能会影响几个正常有助于自愿控制食物摄入量的过程。
