Department of Psychology, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XH, UK.
Appetite. 2013 Mar;62:119-26. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2012.11.023. Epub 2012 Dec 5.
This study compared the impact of different forms of distraction on eating behaviour with a focus on the mechanisms behind this association and the link between the amount consumed and changes in the desire to eat. Participants (n=81) were randomly allocated to four conditions: driving, television viewing, social interaction or being alone in which they took part in a taste test. Measures of the desire to eat (i.e. Hunger, fullness, motivation to eat) were assessed before and after the intervention. The results showed that those watching television consumed more than the social or driving conditions. Food intake was associated with a decreased desire to eat for those eating alone, but was unrelated to changes in the desire to eat for those driving. Watching television also created a decrease in the desire to eat commensurate with food intake whereas social eating resulted in the reverse relationship. The results are discussed in terms an expanded model of mindless eating and it is argued that eating more requires not only distraction away from the symptom of hunger but also sufficient cognitive capacity left to attend to the process of eating.
这项研究比较了不同形式的分心对进食行为的影响，重点关注这种关联的背后机制以及消耗的数量与进食欲望变化之间的联系。参与者（n=81）被随机分配到四个条件中：驾驶、看电视、社交互动或独处，他们在这些条件下进行了味觉测试。在干预前后评估了进食欲望的测量指标（即饥饿感、饱腹感、进食动机）。结果表明，看电视的人比社交或驾驶条件下的人吃得更多。对于独自进食的人来说，食物摄入量与进食欲望的降低有关，但与驾驶条件下的进食欲望变化无关。看电视也会导致与食物摄入量相称的进食欲望下降，而社交进食则会产生相反的关系。研究结果从无意识进食的扩展模型的角度进行了讨论，有人认为，要多吃，不仅需要分散对饥饿症状的注意力，还需要有足够的认知能力来关注进食过程。
