Montazer Saideh, Farshad Ali Asghar, Monazzam Mohammad Reza, Eyvazlou Meysam, Yaraghi Ali Akbar Sabour, Mirkazemi Roksana
Occupational Health Research Center (OHRC), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2013 Oct;26(5):762-9. doi: 10.2478/s13382-013-0143-x. Epub 2014 Jan 25.
The study objective was to assess hydration status by measuring USG among construction workers in Iran.
The study design was comparative and experimental. Sixty participants were randomly selected from the construction workers from a construction campus with a similar type of work, climate and diet and formed 2 groups (individuals exposed to the sun and non-exposed individuals). TWL and USG were measured in both groups on 2 consequent days, at the beginning, mid and end of the work shift.
USG test showed that mean USG was 1.0213±0.0054 in the control group and in the exposed group, where it was significantly higher, it amounted to 1.026±0.005. In the exposed group, 38% of workers had a USG level between 1.026-1.030, representing a higher risk of heat illness and impaired performance and 12.72% had a USG level above 1.030 representing a clinically dehydrated status, while this proportion in the control group was 15.2% and 0.58%, respectively. The mean TWL index measure was 215.8±5.2 W/m2 for the control group and 144±9.8 W/m2 for the exposed group, where, again, it was significantly higher. The Pearson correlation measure showed a significant correlation between USG and TWL.
Strong correlation between TWL, as an indicator of thermal stress and USG shows that USG can be considered as a predictor of thermal stress. The difference between USG among the exposed and non-exposed workers and the increase in USG during midday work show the sensitivity of this measure in different thermal and climatic conditions, whereas, the high level of dehydration among workers despite acceptable TWL level, shows that heat stress management without considering the real hydration status of workers, is insufficient.
本研究的目的是通过测量伊朗建筑工人的尿比重来评估其水合状态。
本研究设计为对比实验性研究。从一个施工场地的建筑工人中随机选取60名参与者，这些工人从事相似类型的工作、处于相同气候条件且饮食相同，将他们分成2组（暴露于阳光下的个体和未暴露的个体）。在连续两天的工作班次开始、中间和结束时，对两组人员的经皮失水量（TWL）和尿比重（USG）进行测量。
尿比重测试显示，对照组的平均尿比重为1.0213±0.0054，而在暴露组中，该数值显著更高，为1.026±0.005。在暴露组中，38%的工人尿比重水平在1.026 - 1.030之间，这表明他们患热疾病和工作表现受损的风险更高，12.72%的工人尿比重水平高于1.030，代表临床脱水状态，而对照组中这一比例分别为15.2%和0.58%。对照组的平均经皮失水量指数测量值为215.8±5.2 W/m²，暴露组为144±9.8 W/m²，同样，暴露组的该数值显著更高。皮尔逊相关性测量显示尿比重与经皮失水量之间存在显著相关性。
作为热应激指标的经皮失水量与尿比重之间的强相关性表明，尿比重可被视为热应激的预测指标。暴露和未暴露工人之间尿比重的差异以及午间工作期间尿比重的增加表明该测量方法在不同热和气候条件下的敏感性，然而，尽管经皮失水量水平可接受，但工人中脱水程度较高，这表明在不考虑工人实际水合状态的情况下进行热应激管理是不够的。
