National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Japan Organization of Occupational Health and Safety, Nagao, Tama-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan.
Department of Health and Physical Education, Aichi University of Education, Hirosawa, Igaya-cho, Kariya, Aichi, Japan.
Ann Work Expo Health. 2018 May 28;62(5):571-582. doi: 10.1093/annweh/wxy012.
The aim was to ascertain hydration and heat strain of construction workers in Japan during the summer who are at the highest risk of heat-related disorders.
The subjects were 23 construction workers, whose average age was 41, average weight was 69 kg, and average height was 170 cm. We measured thermal working conditions with a wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT) measurement instrument affixed to the helmet of each worker, at fixed points outdoors in the sun and indoors. Heat strain was evaluated for water intake, urine specific gravity (Usg), urine temperature (UT), heart rate (HR), and body weight during work.
The average WBGT measured on the worker helmets over 3 consecutive days was 28.0 ± 0.7, 27.6 ± 0.8, and 27.6 ± 1.1°C. The average water intake was 2.6 l during a work shift. The average Usg, UT, and % HR reserve were the highest in the first half of afternoon work. Seventy-eight percent of the subjects exceeded at least one of the ACGIH TLV physiological guidelines for heat strain in terms of HR and weight loss or a clinically dehydrated level of Usg.
Heat strain was the highest in the first half of afternoon work. The number of dehydrated workers increased during this shift because of insufficient water intake. Adequate hydration is required to decrease the risk of heat-related disorders among construction workers in the summer.
旨在确定在夏季从事建筑工作的工人的水合作用和热应激情况，他们面临与热相关疾病的最高风险。
研究对象为 23 名建筑工人，平均年龄为 41 岁，平均体重为 69 公斤，平均身高为 170 厘米。我们使用佩戴在工人头盔上的湿球黑球温度（WBGT）测量仪器，在户外阳光直射和室内固定地点测量热工作条件。通过工人在工作期间的水摄入量、尿比重（Usg）、尿温度（UT）、心率（HR）和体重来评估热应激。
连续 3 天在工人头盔上测量的平均 WBGT 分别为 28.0 ± 0.7°C、27.6 ± 0.8°C 和 27.6 ± 1.1°C。工人每班的平均水摄入量为 2.6 升。在下午工作的前半段，平均 Usg、UT 和%HR 储备最高。78%的研究对象在 HR 和体重减轻或 Usg 达到临床脱水水平方面至少超过了 ACGIH TLV 热应激生理指南的一项标准。
下午工作的前半段热应激最高。由于水摄入不足，在此时间段内脱水工人的数量增加。在夏季，建筑工人需要充足的水合作用来降低与热相关疾病的风险。
