Stovner Lars Jacob, Al Jumah Mohammed, Birbeck Gretchen L, Gururaj Gopalakrishna, Jensen Rigmor, Katsarava Zaza, Queiroz Luiz Paulo, Scher Ann I, Tekle-Haimanot Redda, Wang Shuu-Jiun, Steiner Timothy J
Norwegian National Headache Centre, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, and St, Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.
J Headache Pain. 2014 Jan 27;15(1):5. doi: 10.1186/1129-2377-15-5.
The global burden of headache is very large, but knowledge of it is far from complete and needs still to be gathered. Published population-based studies have used variable methodology, which has influenced findings and made comparisons difficult. Among the initiatives of the Global Campaign against Headache to improve and standardize methods in use for cross-sectional studies, the most important is the production of consensus-based methodological guidelines. This report describes the development of detailed principles and recommendations. For this purpose we brought together an expert consensus group to include experience and competence in headache epidemiology and/or epidemiology in general and drawn from all six WHO world regions. The recommendations presented are for anyone, of whatever background, with interests in designing, performing, understanding or assessing studies that measure or describe the burden of headache in populations. While aimed principally at researchers whose main interests are in the field of headache, they should also be useful, at least in parts, to those who are expert in public health or epidemiology and wish to extend their interest into the field of headache disorders. Most of all, these recommendations seek to encourage collaborations between specialists in headache disorders and epidemiologists. The focus is on migraine, tension-type headache and medication-overuse headache, but they are not intended to be exclusive to these. The burdens arising from secondary headaches are, in the majority of cases, more correctly attributed to the underlying disorders. Nevertheless, the principles outlined here are relevant for epidemiological studies on secondary headaches, provided that adequate definitions can be not only given but also applied in questionnaires or other survey instruments.
头痛的全球负担十分巨大，但我们对此的了解还远不完整，仍需进一步收集相关信息。已发表的基于人群的研究采用了多种不同的方法，这影响了研究结果，也使得比较变得困难。在全球抗击头痛运动旨在改进和规范横断面研究方法的各项举措中，最重要的是制定基于共识的方法学指南。本报告描述了详细原则和建议的制定过程。为此，我们召集了一个专家共识小组，成员涵盖头痛流行病学和/或一般流行病学领域的经验与能力，且来自世界卫生组织的所有六个区域。所提出的建议适用于任何背景、对设计、开展、理解或评估测量或描述人群头痛负担的研究感兴趣的人。虽然这些建议主要针对主要兴趣在于头痛领域的研究人员，但至少在部分内容上，它们对那些在公共卫生或流行病学领域是专家且希望将兴趣扩展到头痛疾病领域的人也应是有用的。最重要的是，这些建议旨在鼓励头痛疾病专家和流行病学家之间的合作。重点是偏头痛、紧张型头痛和药物过量使用性头痛，但并不局限于这些。在大多数情况下，继发性头痛产生的负担更确切地应归因于潜在疾病。然而，只要能在问卷或其他调查工具中给出并应用充分的定义，这里概述的原则就适用于继发性头痛的流行病学研究。
