Gundelly Praveen, Thornton Alice, Greenberg Richard N, McCormick Malkanthie, Myint Thein
J Int Assoc Provid AIDS Care. 2014 Jul-Aug;13(4):309-12. doi: 10.1177/2325957414520979.
Rhodococcus equi, previously called Corynebacterium equi, is known to cause pneumonia in foals and swine. Although it was known to cause infection rarely in humans, R equi infection in humans has increased with the advent of HIV and increased use of immunosuppressants.
We report a case of a 48-year-old male patient with newly diagnosed HIV/AIDS presenting with recurrent R equi bacteremia, pericardial effusion, and pericardial cyst. The infection was treated with drainage of the pericardial effusion and cyst and 2 weeks of intravenous vancomycin and 6 months of oral azithromycin and levofloxacin.
Rhodococcus equi causes pericarditis and pericardial effusion. It can be effectively treated with debridement, drainage, and a prolonged course of antibiotics. In vitro antibiotic susceptibility should be checked as resistance to antibiotics can develop, especially if drainage is inadequate.
马红球菌，以前称为马棒状杆菌，已知可导致幼驹和猪患肺炎。虽然已知其在人类中很少引起感染，但随着艾滋病病毒的出现以及免疫抑制剂使用的增加，人类马红球菌感染有所上升。
我们报告一例48岁男性新诊断为艾滋病病毒/艾滋病的患者，出现复发性马红球菌菌血症、心包积液和心包囊肿。通过心包积液和囊肿引流以及静脉注射万古霉素2周和口服阿奇霉素及左氧氟沙星6个月对感染进行了治疗。
马红球菌可引起心包炎和心包积液。通过清创、引流和延长抗生素疗程可有效治疗。应检查体外抗生素敏感性，因为可能会出现抗生素耐药性，尤其是在引流不充分的情况下。
