Hammer P, Kiesner C, Walte H-G C
Department of Safety and Quality of Milk and Fish Products, Max Rubner-Institute, Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food, 24103 Kiel, Germany.
Department of Safety and Quality of Milk and Fish Products, Max Rubner-Institute, Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food, 24103 Kiel, Germany.
J Dairy Sci. 2014;97(4):2045-8. doi: 10.3168/jds.2013-7361. Epub 2014 Jan 31.
Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (MAP) can be present in cow milk and low numbers may survive high-temperature, short-time (HTST) pasteurization. Although HTST treatment leads to inactivation of at least 5 log10 cycles, it might become necessary to enhance the efficacy of HTST by additional treatments such as homogenization if the debate about the role of MAP in Crohn's disease of humans concludes that MAP is a zoonotic agent. This study aimed to determine whether disrupting the clumps of MAP in milk by homogenization during the heat treatment process would enhance the inactivation of MAP. We used HTST pasteurization in a continuous-flow pilot-plant pasteurizer and evaluated the effect of upstream, downstream, and in-hold homogenization on inactivation of MAP. Reduction of MAP at 72°C with a holding time of 28s was between 3.7 and 6.9 log10 cycles, with an overall mean of 5.5 log10 cycles. None of the 3 homogenization modes applied showed a statistically significant additional effect on the inactivation of MAP during HTST treatment.
鸟分枝杆菌副结核亚种（MAP）可存在于牛奶中，少量细菌可能在高温短时（HTST）巴氏杀菌过程中存活下来。尽管HTST处理可导致至少5个对数循环的失活，但如果关于MAP在人类克罗恩病中作用的争论得出MAP是一种人畜共患病原体的结论，那么可能有必要通过均质化等额外处理来提高HTST的功效。本研究旨在确定在热处理过程中通过均质化破坏牛奶中MAP的团块是否会增强MAP的失活。我们在连续流中试规模巴氏杀菌器中使用HTST巴氏杀菌，并评估上游、下游和保持过程中的均质化对MAP失活的影响。在72°C下保持28秒时，MAP的减少量在3.7至6.9个对数循环之间，总体平均值为5.5个对数循环。所应用的3种均质化模式在HTST处理过程中均未显示出对MAP失活有统计学意义的额外影响。
