对已成功研发的黄病毒疫苗以及针对尚无可用疫苗的黄病毒所存在问题的综述。

A review of successful flavivirus vaccines and the problems with those flaviviruses for which vaccines are not yet available.

作者信息

Ishikawa Tomohiro, Yamanaka Atsushi, Konishi Eiji

机构信息

Department of Microbiology, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, 880 Kitakobayashi, Mibu-machi, Shimotsuga-gun, Tochigi 321-0293, Japan.

BIKEN Endowed Department of Dengue Vaccine Development, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, 420/6 Ratchawithi Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; BIKEN Endowed Department of Dengue Vaccine Development, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.

出版信息

Vaccine. 2014 Mar 10;32(12):1326-37. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.01.040. Epub 2014 Jan 29.

DOI:10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.01.040

PMID:24486372

Abstract

Genus flavivirus comprises many important human pathogens causing public health problems worldwide. Some flavivirus infections are characterized by a relatively high mortality rate and/or high sequelae rate in survivors. Because most flavivirus life cycles are maintained between arthropod vectors and amplifying/reservoir hosts in the absence of humans, eradication of flaviviruses might be extremely difficult. Flavivirus vaccine development is considered a reasonable method to prevent flavivirus infections. Some vaccines have been successfully developed, but others have not, regardless of much effort. This review article describes currently available flavivirus vaccines against yellow fever, Japanese encephalitis, and tick-borne encephalitis. In addition, the current status of dengue and West Nile virus vaccine development is reviewed and problems regarding their development are discussed.

摘要

黄病毒属包含许多重要的人类病原体，在全球范围内引发公共卫生问题。一些黄病毒感染的特征是死亡率相对较高和/或幸存者的后遗症发生率较高。由于大多数黄病毒的生命周期在没有人类的情况下在节肢动物媒介和扩增/储存宿主之间维持，根除黄病毒可能极其困难。黄病毒疫苗的开发被认为是预防黄病毒感染的合理方法。尽管付出了很多努力，但一些疫苗已成功开发，而其他疫苗则尚未成功。这篇综述文章描述了目前可用的针对黄热病、日本脑炎和蜱传脑炎的黄病毒疫苗。此外，还综述了登革热和西尼罗河病毒疫苗的开发现状，并讨论了它们开发过程中存在的问题。