J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2014 Feb;22(2):111-20. doi: 10.5435/JAAOS-22-02-111.
Composite bone models are increasingly used in orthopaedic biomechanics research and surgical education-applications that traditionally relied on cadavers. Cadaver bones are suboptimal for many reasons, including issues of cost, availability, preservation, and inconsistency between specimens. Further, cadaver samples disproportionately represent the elderly, whose bone quality may not be representative of the greater orthopaedic population. The current fourth-generation composite bone models provide an accurate reproduction of the biomechanical properties of human bone when placed under bending, axial, and torsional loads. The combination of glass fiber and epoxy resin components into a single phase has enabled manufacturing by injection molding. The high level of anatomic fidelity of the cadaver-based molds and negligible shrinkage properties of the epoxy resin results in a process that allows for excellent definition of anatomic detail in the cortical wall and optimized consistency of features between models. Recent biomechanical studies of composites have validated their use as a suitable substitute for cadaver specimens.
复合骨模型在矫形生物力学研究和外科教育中的应用日益广泛，这些应用传统上依赖于尸体。尸体骨骼存在多种不理想的因素，包括成本、可用性、保存和标本之间的一致性问题。此外，尸体样本不成比例地代表了老年人，而老年人的骨骼质量可能无法代表更广泛的矫形人群。当前的第四代复合骨模型在受到弯曲、轴向和扭转载荷时，能够准确再现人类骨骼的生物力学特性。玻璃纤维和环氧树脂组件的组合成单一相，通过注塑成型实现制造。基于尸体的模具具有高度的解剖逼真度，环氧树脂的收缩特性可以忽略不计，这一过程使得在皮质壁中能够极好地定义解剖细节，并优化模型之间特征的一致性。最近对复合材料的生物力学研究已经验证了它们作为尸体标本的合适替代品的使用。
