State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China.
Parasitol Res. 2014 Apr;113(4):1331-41. doi: 10.1007/s00436-014-3772-5. Epub 2014 Feb 1.
Some myxosporeans have been demonstrated to be harmful to worldwide aquaculture. However, the proliferation information has remained unclear in the fish hosts. In this study, we utilized the mix-culturing equality to reveal significant difference in disease assistance between two different clones of gibel carp, in which clone D had been cultured for nearly 40 years, whereas clone A(+) was a newly created clone. According to morphological and genetic analysis of isolated spores, the diseasing pathogen was identified as Myxobolus wulii of the genus Myxobolus in Myxosporea. Subsequently, a polyclonal antibody specific to soluble proteins of the purified spores was generated. Using the antibody, we performed immunofluorescence observation of the liver lump sections sampled from the heavily diseased clone D individuals, and found that the liver lumps were completely composed of numerous honeycomb-like cysts, full of maturing and mature myxosporean spores, and almost all of liver tissues were destroyed. Comparative co-localization detection revealed a significantly inducing expression of apo-14 protein around the infected myxosporean sporoplasms and plasmodia, and the inducing level was much stronger in clone A(+) than in clone D. Furthermore, a primarily screening of 15 different major histocompatibility complex class Iα variants also excavated major variants that respectively belong to clones D and A(+). Therefore, these data provide significant information for differences in myxosporean proliferation and disease resistance in fish clone hosts with different genetic background. Further studies on myxosporean development and the mechanism for disease resistance will be very important for preventing and controlling the parasitic myxosporean disease.
一些粘孢子虫已被证明对全球水产养殖业有害。然而，鱼类宿主中的增殖信息仍然不清楚。在本研究中，我们利用混合培养平等性来揭示两个不同的鲤鱼克隆之间在疾病协助方面的显著差异，其中克隆 D 已经培养了近 40 年，而克隆 A(+)是一个新创建的克隆。根据分离孢子的形态和遗传分析，发病病原体被鉴定为粘孢子虫 Myxobolus 属的 Myxobolus wulii。随后，针对纯化孢子的可溶性蛋白生成了多克隆抗体。使用该抗体，我们对来自重病克隆 D 个体的肝块样本进行了免疫荧光观察，发现肝块完全由许多蜂窝状囊肿组成，充满了成熟和成熟的粘孢子虫孢子，几乎所有的肝组织都被破坏了。比较共定位检测显示，感染的粘孢子虫孢质和胞质周围的 apo-14 蛋白表达显著诱导，并且在克隆 A(+)中的诱导水平比在克隆 D 中强得多。此外，对 15 种不同的主要组织相容性复合体 Iα 变体的初步筛选还挖掘了分别属于克隆 D 和 A(+)的主要变体。因此，这些数据为具有不同遗传背景的鱼类克隆宿主中粘孢子虫增殖和抗病性的差异提供了重要信息。进一步研究粘孢子虫的发育和抗病机制对于预防和控制寄生粘孢子虫病非常重要。
