Orava S, Puranen J
Br J Sports Med. 1978 Mar;12(1):4-10. doi: 10.1136/bjsm.12.1.4.
A series of 147 cases of exertion injuries in less than or equal to 15 years old athletes is presented. All injuries occurred during training or athletic performances without trauma and caused symptoms that prevented athletic exercises. There were 67 girls (46%) and 80 boys (54%) in the material. About 90% of them had been training for more than one year before the onset of the symptoms; 65% were interested in track and field athletics, 13% in ball games, 11% in skiing, 4% in swimming, and 3% in orienteering. The rest were interested in other sports. About 33% of the injuries were growth disturbances or osteochondroses seen also in other children. About 15% were anomalies, deformities or earlier osteochondritic changes, which caused first symptoms during the physical exercise; 50% were typical overuse injuries that may bother adult athletes, too; 43% of the injuries were localized in ankle, foot and heel, 31% in knee, 8% in back and trunk, 7% in pelvic and hip region, and the rest in other parts of the body. The injuries were generally slight, no permanent disability was noticed. Rest and conservation therapy cured most cases; operative treatment was used in only eight cases.
本文介绍了147例15岁及以下运动员的运动损伤情况。所有损伤均发生在训练或体育比赛过程中,无外伤史,且损伤引发的症状导致运动员无法进行体育锻炼。研究材料中包括67名女孩(46%)和80名男孩(54%)。其中约90%的人在症状出现前已训练一年以上;65%对田径运动感兴趣,13%对球类运动感兴趣,11%对滑雪感兴趣,4%对游泳感兴趣,3%对定向越野感兴趣。其余的人对其他运动感兴趣。约33%的损伤为生长发育障碍或骨软骨病,在其他儿童中也可见到。约15%为异常、畸形或早期骨软骨病变,在体育锻炼时首次出现症状;50%为典型的过度使用损伤,成年运动员也可能出现;43%的损伤位于脚踝、足部和足跟,31%位于膝盖,8%位于背部和躯干,7%位于骨盆和髋部区域,其余位于身体其他部位。损伤一般较轻,未发现永久性残疾。休息和保守治疗治愈了大多数病例;仅8例采用了手术治疗。