CORPOICA-Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria-CBB-Centro de Biotecnología y Bioindustria, Km 14, Via Mosquera, Cundinamarca, Colombia.
Instituto Colombiano Agropecuario (ICA), Carrera 41 No. 17-81, Bogotá DC, Colombia.
J Food Prot. 2014 Feb;77(2):227-35. doi: 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-13-276.
The objective of this study was to determine Salmonella counts, serovars, and antimicrobial-resistant phenotypes on retail raw chicken carcasses in Colombia. A total of 301 chicken carcasses were collected from six departments (one city per department) in Colombia. Samples were analyzed for Salmonella counts using the most-probable-number method as recommended by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Food Safety Inspection Service protocol. A total of 378 isolates (268 from our previous study) were serotyped and tested for antimicrobial susceptibility. The overall Salmonella count (mean log most probable number per carcass ± 95% confidence interval) and prevalence were 2.1 (2.0 to 2.3) and 37%, respectively. There were significant differences (P < 0.05) by Salmonella levels (i.e., counts and prevalence) by storage temperature (i.e., frozen, chilled, or ambient), retail store type (wet markets, supermarkets, and independent markets), and poultry company (chicken produced by integrated or nonintegrated company). Frozen chicken had the lowest Salmonella levels compared with chicken stored at other temperatures, chickens from wet markets had higher levels than those from other retail store types, and chicken produced by integrated companies had lower levels than nonintegrated companies. Thirty-one Salmonella serovars were identified among 378 isolates, with Salmonella Paratyphi B tartrate-positive (i.e., Salmonella Paratyphi B dT+) the most prevalent (44.7%), followed by Heidelberg (19%), Enteritidis (17.7%), Typhimurium (5.3%), and Anatum (2.1%). Of all the Salmonella isolates, 35.2% were resistant to 1 to 5 antimicrobial agents, 24.6% to 6 to 10, and 33.9% to 11 to 15. Among all the serovars obtained, Salmonella Paratyphi B dT+ and Salmonella Heidelberg were the most antimicrobial resistant. Salmonella prevalence was determined to be high, whereas cell numbers were relatively low. These data can be used in developing risk assessment models for preventing the transmission of Salmonella from chicken to humans in Colombia.
本研究旨在确定哥伦比亚零售生鸡胴体中的沙门氏菌数量、血清型和抗微生物耐药表型。共从哥伦比亚六个地区（每个地区一个城市）采集了 301 个鸡胴体样本。根据美国农业部食品安全检验局的建议，使用最可能数法对沙门氏菌数量进行分析。共分离出 378 株（来自我们之前研究的 268 株），对其进行血清型鉴定和抗微生物敏感性测试。沙门氏菌总数（每只鸡胴体的平均对数最可能数±95%置信区间）和流行率分别为 2.1（2.0 至 2.3）和 37%。沙门氏菌水平（即数量和流行率）、储存温度（即冷冻、冷藏或常温）、零售商店类型（湿市场、超市和独立市场）和家禽公司（由综合或非综合公司生产的鸡）之间存在显著差异（P<0.05）。与其他温度下储存的鸡肉相比，冷冻鸡肉的沙门氏菌水平最低，来自湿市场的鸡肉水平高于其他零售商店类型的鸡肉，而来自综合公司的鸡肉水平低于非综合公司的鸡肉。在 378 株分离株中鉴定出 31 种沙门氏菌血清型，其中副伤寒 B 组柠檬酸阳性（即副伤寒 B dT+）最为流行（44.7%），其次是海德堡（19%）、肠炎（17.7%）、伤寒（5.3%）和阿纳图姆（2.1%）。所有沙门氏菌分离株中，35.2%对 1 至 5 种抗微生物药物耐药，24.6%对 6 至 10 种，33.9%对 11 至 15 种。在所获得的所有血清型中，副伤寒 B dT+和海德堡沙门氏菌的耐药性最强。沙门氏菌的流行率很高，而细胞数量相对较低。这些数据可用于开发风险评估模型，以防止沙门氏菌从哥伦比亚的鸡传播给人类。
