Liao Hui-Yi, Chung Yu-Teh, Lai Ching-Huang, Lin Ming-Hsiu, Liou Saou-Hsing
Division of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan.
Ind Health. 2014;52(3):199-215. doi: 10.2486/indhealth.2013-0100. Epub 2014 Feb 4.
The aim of this study was to survey the work-relatedness of symptoms and diseases among engineered nanomaterials handling workers by questionnaire. A total of 258 exposed workers and 200 comparison workers were recruited from 14 nanomaterials handling factories in Taiwan. In addition to current disease status (prevalence), we classified the diseases worsened by employment (worsened by work). The control banding nanotool risk level matrix was adopted to categorize the severity and probability of nanomaterial exposure. The work-relatedness of symptoms was also self-reported in the questionnaire. The only symptom identified as significantly work-related was sneezing (5.88% in risk level 2 and 7.91% in risk level 1 vs. 2.00% in controls, p=0.04). The prevalences of work-related dry cough (p=0.06) and productive cough (p=0.09) in nanomaterials handling workers were also higher than those in controls. The only disease significantly worsened by work was allergic dermatitis (4.20% in risk level 2, 0% in risk level 1 vs. 0.50% in control, p=0.01). The incidence of angina in nanoworkers was also higher than in controls (p=0.06). In addition to allergic diseases, cardiopulmonary symptoms such as cough and angina may be used as screening tools for medical surveillance of people handling engineered nanomaterials.
本研究旨在通过问卷调查法,调查工程纳米材料处理工人中症状和疾病与工作的相关性。从台湾14家纳米材料处理工厂招募了258名暴露工人和200名对照工人。除了当前的疾病状况(患病率)外,我们还对因就业而恶化(因工作而恶化)的疾病进行了分类。采用控制带纳米工具风险水平矩阵对纳米材料暴露的严重程度和可能性进行分类。问卷中还让工人自行报告症状与工作的相关性。唯一被确定与工作有显著相关性的症状是打喷嚏(风险水平2组为5.88%,风险水平1组为7.91%,而对照组为2.00%,p = 0.04)。纳米材料处理工人中与工作相关的干咳(p = 0.06)和咳痰性咳嗽(p = 0.09)的患病率也高于对照组。唯一因工作而显著恶化的疾病是过敏性皮炎(风险水平2组为4.20%,风险水平1组为0%,而对照组为0.50%,p = 0.01)。纳米工人中心绞痛的发病率也高于对照组(p = 0.06)。除过敏性疾病外,咳嗽和心绞痛等心肺症状可作为对工程纳米材料处理人员进行医学监测的筛查工具。