Patterson David J, Egloff Willi, Agosti Donat, Eades David, Franz Nico, Hagedorn Gregor, Rees Jonathan A, Remsen David P
School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA.
BMC Res Notes. 2014 Feb 4;7:79. doi: 10.1186/1756-0500-7-79.
As biological disciplines extend into the 'big data' world, they will need a names-based infrastructure to index and interconnect distributed data. The infrastructure must have access to all names of all organisms if it is to manage all information. Those who compile lists of species hold different views as to the intellectual property rights that apply to the lists. This creates uncertainty that impedes the development of a much-needed infrastructure for sharing biological data in the digital world.
The laws in the United States of America and European Union are consistent with the position that scientific names of organisms and their compilation in checklists, classifications or taxonomic revisions are not subject to copyright. Compilations of names, such as classifications or checklists, are not creative in the sense of copyright law. Many content providers desire credit for their efforts.
A 'blue list' identifies elements of checklists, classifications and monographs to which intellectual property rights do not apply. To promote sharing, authors of taxonomic content, compilers, intermediaries, and aggregators should receive citable recognition for their contributions, with the greatest recognition being given to the originating authors. Mechanisms for achieving this are discussed.
随着生物学学科向“大数据”领域拓展，它们将需要一个基于名称的基础设施来索引和互连分布式数据。如果要管理所有信息，该基础设施必须能够获取所有生物的所有名称。编制物种名录的人对于适用于这些名录的知识产权持有不同观点。这就产生了不确定性，阻碍了在数字世界中共享生物数据所需基础设施的发展。
美利坚合众国和欧盟的法律与以下立场一致，即生物的科学名称及其在清单、分类或分类学修订中的编纂不受版权保护。名称的编纂，如分类或清单，在版权法意义上并非具有创造性。许多内容提供者希望因其努力而获得认可。
一份“蓝名单”确定了清单、分类和专著中不受知识产权保护的元素。为促进共享，分类学内容的作者、编纂者、中介机构和聚合者应因其贡献而获得可引用的认可，其中原创作者应获得最大认可。文中讨论了实现这一目标的机制。
