Key Laboratory of Tropic Biological Resources, Minister of Education, College of Marine Science, Hainan University, Haikou, China.
College of Agriculture, Hainan University, 58, Renmin Road, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, China.
J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis. 2013 Apr 18;19(1):9. doi: 10.1186/1678-9199-19-9.
The hemolytic activity of skin secretions obtained by stimulating the frog Kaloula pulchra hainana with diethyl ether was tested using human, cattle, rabbit, and chicken erythrocytes. The skin secretions had a significant concentration-dependent hemolytic effect on erythrocytes. The hemolytic activity of the skin secretions was studied in the presence of osmotic protectants (polyethylene glycols and carbohydrates), cations (Mg2+, Ca2+, Ba2+, Cu2+, and K+), or antioxidants (ascorbic acid, reduced glutathione, and cysteine).
Depending on their molecular mass, osmotic protectants effectively inhibited hemolysis. The inhibition of skin hemolysis was observed after treatment with polyethylene glycols (1000, 3400, and 6000 Da). Among divalent cations, only 1 mM Cu2+ markedly inhibited hemolytic activity. Antioxidant compounds slightly reduced the hemolytic activity.
The results suggested that skin secretions of K. pulchra hainana induce a pore-forming mechanism to form pores with a diameter of 1.36-2.0 nm rather than causing oxidative damage to the erythrocyte membrane.
用乙醚刺激海南虎斑蟾的皮肤分泌物,测试其对人、牛、兔和鸡红细胞的溶血活性。皮肤分泌物对红细胞具有显著的浓度依赖性溶血作用。在渗透压保护剂(聚乙二醇和碳水化合物)、阳离子(Mg2+、Ca2+、Ba2+、Cu2+和 K+)或抗氧化剂(抗坏血酸、还原型谷胱甘肽和半胱氨酸)存在的情况下,研究了皮肤分泌物的溶血活性。
根据分子量的不同,渗透压保护剂能有效抑制溶血。用聚乙二醇(1000、3400 和 6000 Da)处理后,观察到对皮肤溶血的抑制作用。在二价阳离子中,只有 1 mM 的 Cu2+ 能显著抑制溶血活性。抗氧化化合物则略微降低了溶血活性。
结果表明,海南虎斑蟾的皮肤分泌物诱导形成了一种孔形成机制,形成的孔直径为 1.36-2.0nm,而不是对红细胞膜造成氧化损伤。